Roanoke Island, Jamestown

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Roanoke Island, Jamestown Plymouth Rock
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Roanoke Island (Lost Colony)

• Sir Walter Raleigh asked Queen Elizabeth of
  England if he could lead a group of people to
  begin a colony in the USA.
• Queen Elizabeth gave Raleigh a charter (a
  document that allowed colonists to live on land
  owned by their country.)

Picture Credit http//www.huvard.com/becka/raleig
h/welcome.html
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Roanoke Island (1st Time)

• In 1585, the first English people tried to begin
  a colony.
• This became the 1st English colony in the USA.
• It failed due to hunger and bad relations with
  the Native Americans.
• All but 15 men went back to England on a ship.

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Roanoke Island (2nd Time)

• In 1587, Raleigh sent colonists a second time.
• The 15 men that had stayed behind the 1st time
  had been killed by then.
• John White was the colonys governor.
• This time, the colonist brought their wives and
  children.
• John Whites granddaughter, Virginia Dare was
  born 1 month after they arrived in the USA on
  August 18 the first English baby born in the USA.
  

Picture Credit http//search.eb.com/women/article
s/Dare_Virginia.html
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Connection Question Roanoke was settled the
2nd time in 1587 in another attempt to establish
a permanent English Settlement. Thinking back to
the last Unit, what was going on in Europe in
1587? What happened the following year (1588)?

• English Reformation (Elizabeth I and Mary, Queen
  of ScotsQueen of Scots executed by Elizabeth I)
• 1588 was the Spanish Armada. England had its
  hands full fighting the Spanish, and couldnt
  sail many ships across the sea due to the battles
  at home.

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Spanish Armada

• In 1588, King Philip II decided to attack
  England.
• The English defeated the all powerful Spanish
  Armada because they had quicker ships and a
  violent storm helped destroy the Spanish ships.

Picture Credit http//www.nmm.ac.uk/adventure/gam
es/armada/page2.htm
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The Lost Colony

• John White returned in August 1590 to find no
  colonists on Roanoke Island.
• On one of the trees was written CROATOAN.
• Croatoan was the name of an island nearby as well
  as the name of the Native Americans living in the
  area.

Picture Credit http//www.outer-banks.com/lost.cf
m
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Ending the Good Relations with the Native
Americans

• Because the 15 men had been killed by Native
  Americans, John White decided that they should
  pay the Native Americans back.
• He ordered his men to attack the the Powhatans
  since supposedly, they were the ones who had
  killed the 15 men.
• However, they instead attacked the Croatoans
  Native Americans who had been their friends and
  helped them. After the battle, the Croatoans
  were enemies.
• This forced John White to have to go back to
  England for more food and supplies.

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Jamestown Colony

• In 1606, King James I gave permission to the
  Virginia Company of London to try a colony.
• Christopher Newport led the three ships, Susan
  Constant, Godspeed and Discovery to Jamestown.

Picture Credit http//www.bchs.k12.va.us/Technol
ogy20Class/powerpoint/jamestown.ppt
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Jamestown

• On May 14, 1607, the settlers began building the
  first English permanent settlement on the James
  River in Virginia.
• Jamestown was named after the King James I and
  Virginia was named after the Virgin Queen of
  England.

• Click Here to see a Virtual tour of Jamestown

Picture Credit www.cbc.cc.tx.us/acdem/social/hist
1301/Hist1301-2anarr.ppt
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Reasons for Jamestown Difficulties

• Not educated in how to plant food in Virginia.
• Little knowledge of Virginia landscape.
• Not enough people in the Jamestown settlement
  especially hard working people.
• Native American Battles

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Pilgrims vs. Puritans.

• What is the difference between the two? Is there
  a difference?
• http//www.history.com/shows/how-the-states-got-th
  eir-shapes/videos/puritans-vs-pilgrims
• Pilgrims were looking to start a Church separate
  from the Church of England, whereas Puritans
  wanted to purify the Church of England. These
  were all Protestant in theology, so very
  similarand they got along well for the most part.

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Powhatan Native Americans

• The Powhatan Native Americans were in control of
  almost all of Virginia (Eastern Woodland Area).
• Most of the Powhatan farmed, hunted and fished.
• They lived in yehakin lodges built by the women.

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John Smith

• John Smith was the leader of the colony.
• Pocahontas legend? Eh, not so much.
• Smith was sent to colony to take lead of colony
  original colonists were not farmers and were not
  interested in that type of hard work

Picture Credit http//www.apva.org/history/jsmith
.html
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John Smith (continued)

• Created new rules in colony Work not, eat
  not.
• Raided Native tribes for food when hunting became
  difficult
• Returned to England after being injured in 1609

Picture Credit http//www.apva.org/history/jsmith
.html
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Starving Times (1609-1610)

• John Smith returned to England after being
  injured.
• Due to several raids against the Natives, they
  were less than happy about the English.
• Powhatan cut off support.
• More colonists came from England, and learned to
  grow a cash crop that could make the colony
  money
• TOBACCO

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John Rolfe

• John Rolfe in 1614 found a way to harvest Spanish
  tobacco (sweeter and more nicotine than others)
• This quickly became the cash crop of Virginia.
• He also married Pocahontas in 1614 and thus
  created peace with the Powhatan Native Americans
  for 8 years.

Picture Credit http//www.geocities.com/apembert4
5/FamAmer/Pocahontas.html
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Matoaka..Truth or Myth?

• Also known as Pocahontas
• Did the John Smith save really happen
• Source Evaluation
• Anglicized Version
• Powhatan Version
• You tell me?

Picture Credit http//www.sonofthesouth.net/revol
utionary-war/indians/pocahontas.htm
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1619

• Indentured Servants were brought to the USA for
  the 1st time..
• The first time the House of Burgesses met.
• 1620 Women Came to the colonies.

Picture Credit http//www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2
f.asp
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Plymouth Colony

• The King of England, Henry VIII rebelled against
  the Roman Catholic Church and started his own
  Church called the Church of England.
• These people became known as Protestants.
• In 1620, Pilgrims, who wanted to start their own
  church separate from the Church Of England,
  decided to take the Mayflower and settle in the
  USA.

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Pilgrims at Plymouth

• William Bradford was the leader of the colony.
• Before landing, they wrote an agreement called
  the Mayflower Compact. This was the first
  English legal agreement in the USA.
• They settled in Cape Cod/New England.

Picture Credit http//www.kirtland.cc.mi.us/honor
s/amlit/alcolonial.htm
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Native Americans of New England

• The Native Americans had a sachem or leader.
• Massasoit was the leader of the Wampanoag.
• Squanto and Samoset helped the Pilgrims survive
  the first hard years.

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Thanksgiving

• October 1621, The Pilgrims invited the Native
  Americans to a 3 day feast to thank them for
  helping them make it through a difficult year.
• The first national Thanksgiving was in 1777 for
  the 13 colonies.
• George Washington proclaimed a National Day of
  Thanksgiving in 1789.