The English Colonies in America

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The English Coloniesin America
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ROANOKE ISLAND (1585)

• Sir Walter Raleigh financed the English colony in
  North America, but it failed because of lack of
  supplies and conflict with the Native Americans.
  Raleigh loses all of his investment.

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JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES

• Charter Receive royal permission to start colony
  in the Americas.
• Shareholders Rich nobles invest money into
  company. (Shares)
• If colony makes profit, it is divided among the
  shareholders.
• Hoped to make profit from gold, route to Asia,
  and animal furs.
• The first two

• Virginia Co. of London (1606)
• Plymouth Co. (1620)

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JAMESTOWN (1607) Leads to the
colony of Virginia.

• 104 Colonists
• Captain John Smith took over as leader and
  forced men to work, which saved the colony.
• By 1608, half the colonists died.
• Smith is forced to return to England, because of
  a gunpowder accident.

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JAMESTOWN

• Between 1609 1610, the population with
  reinforcements of 500 dropped to just 60.
• By 1617, 2,000 had arrived, but only 400 were
  still alive.

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JAMESTOWN

• Economics Colony was not making a profit, until
  John Rolfe planted tobacco in 1617.

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JAMESTOWN

• ECONOMICS
• Headright System (1619) If a person can pay
  passage to Jamestown, they receive 50 acres of
  land per person brought.
• Indentured Servant receive passage to the
  colony, but than had to work for a certain number
  of years (3-7) for a master.

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JAMESTOWN

• House of Burgesses (1619) Is the first self-rule
  representative assembly in the American colonies.

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JAMESTOWN

• Jamestown Massacre (1622) Chief Opecanough of
  the Powhatans attacks and kills 350 people in
  Jamestown, before the tribe is defeated.

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JAMESTOWN

• In 1624, King James revokes the charter and makes
  it a Royal Colony, but he still allowed the House
  of Burgesses to meet.
• Why did people still move to Jamestown?

Opportunity!
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PLYMOUTH (1620) Present-day Mass

• Separatists wanted to be away from all other
  groups, because they did NOT want their children
  to assimilated by the culture around them for
  religious reasons.

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PLYMOUTH

• The two ships
• 1. Speedwell had to return to England- leaks.
• 2. The Mayflower continued.

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PLYMOUTH

• Mayflower Compact (1620)
• Pledged loyalty to King James I.
• Would make local laws periodically.
• IMPORTANCE It is the first document allowing
  self-government in American colonies.

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PLYMOUTH

• Separatists (Pilgrims) did not seek to make
  profit, but instead wanted a self-contained
  religious life.
• Corporate Colony Colonists bought their charter
  from the shareholders.

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French Colonies New France

• Main Settlements Quebec and Montreal along the
  St. Lawrence River.
• Claims Canada, Ohio River Valley and Mississippi
  River Valley.

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French Colonies New France

• The French built forts throughout the area to
  protect their claims.
• Occupation Fur traders and Jesuit priests.

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French Colonies New France

• The French colonies grew much slower than the
  English colonies. By 1760 80,000 French
  compared to 1,000,000 English living in the
  Americas.