Anatomy and Physiology for Emergency Care

1
Anatomy and Physiology for Emergency Care

• Chapter 10
• Sensory Functions

2
Objectives

• Distinguish between the general senses and the
  special senses
• Identify the receptors for the general senses,
  and describe how they function
• Describe the receptors and processes involved in
  the sense of smell
• Discuss the receptors and processes involved in
  the sense of taste

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Objectives

• Identify the parts of the eye and their functions
• Explain how we are able to see objects and
  distinguish colors
• Discuss how the central nervous system processes
  information related to vision
• Discuss the receptors and processes involved in
  the sense of equilibrium

4
Objectives

• Describe the parts of the ear and their roles in
  the process of hearing
• Describe the effects of aging on olfaction,
  tasting, vision, and hearing

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General Senses

• Pain
• Temperature
• Touch, Pressure, and Position
• Tactile receptors
• Baroreceptors
• Proprioceptors

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Tactile Receptors
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Baroreceptors
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General Senses

• Chemical Detection

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General Senses

• Smell
• Olfactory pathways

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General Senses

• Taste
• Taste pathways

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General Senses

• Vision
• Accessory Structures of the Eye

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General Senses

• Vision
• Anatomy of the Eye
• Fibrous tunic
• Vascular tunic
• Neural tunic
• Retinal organization
• Optic disc
• Chambers of the Eye
• Aqueous humor
• Lens
• Structure of the Lens
• Accommodation

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Sectional Anatomy of the Eye
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Optic Disc
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Eye Chambers and Circulation of Aqueous Humor
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Image Formation and Accommodation
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Visual Abnormalities
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General Senses

• Vision
• Visual Physiology
• Rods and cones
• Photoreceptor function
• Visual pigments

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General Senses

• Vision
• The Visual Pathway

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General Senses

• Equilibrium and Hearing
• Anatomy of the Ear
• External Ear
• Middle Ear
• Auditory Ossicles
• Inner Ear
• Receptor Function in the Inner Ear

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Inner Ear
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General Senses

• Equilibrium and Hearing
• Equilibrium
• Semicircular Ducts Rotational Motion
• Vestibule Gravity and Linear Acceleration
• Central Processing of Vestibular Sensations

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Vestibular Complex
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General Senses

• Hearing
• Cochlear Duct
• Organ of Corti
• Hearing Process
• Auditory Pathways
• Auditory Sensitivity

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The Cochlea and Organ of Corti
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Sound Reception and Hearing
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Aging and the Senses

• Olfactory Sensitivity
• Gustatory Sensitivity
• Vision
• Hearing

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Summary
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Emergency Care Applications

• Chapter 10

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Pain
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Eye Emergencies

• Conjunctival Injuries
• Corneal Injuries
• Blunt Eye Trauma
• Penetrating Eye Trauma
• Chemical Injuries
• Ultraviolet Keratitis
• Acute Glaucoma

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Eye Emergencies
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Summary