Early Heart Attack Care EHAC

1
(No Transcript)
2
Heart Attack A Community Problem
With A Community Solution
3
Course Outline

• Anatomy and Physiology 101 Your Heart
• A Heart Attack in Progress
• Concepts of Early Heart Attack Care
• Recognition and Intervention
• Delay and Denial
• 6. You The Early Heart Attack Care Giver

4
Part 1

• Anatomy and Physiology 101
• Your Heart

5
The Human Heart

• Location Middle of the chest
• Size That of a fist
• Purpose Pumps blood throughout
• the body
• Weight 7 - 12 ounces
• Capacity Pumps 1,800 gallons of
• blood beats over
• 100,000 times daily

6
The Human Heartand Coronary Arteries
SUPERIOR VENA CAVAL BRANCH (NODAL ARTERY)
ANTERIOR R. ATRIAL BRANCH OF
R. CORONARY ARTERY
L. CORONARY ARTERY
CIRCUMFLEX BRANCH OF L. CORONARY ARTERY
RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY
GREAT CARDIAC VEIN
ANTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR (ANTERIOR DESCENDING)
BRANCH OF L. CORONARY ARTERY
ANTERIOR CARDIAC VEINS
SMALL CARDIAC VEIN
7
The Human Heartand Coronary Arteries
SUPERIOR VENA CAVAL BRANCH (NODAL ARTERY)
OBLIQUE VEIN OF L. ATRIUM
GREAT CARDIAC VEIN
SINOATRIAL (S-A) NODE
CIRCUMFLEX BRANCH OF L. CORONARY ARTERY
SMALL CARDIAC VEIN
CORONARY SINUS
POSTERIOR VEIN OF L. VENTRICLE
R. CORONARY ARTERY
MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN
POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR (POSTERIOR DESCENDING)
BRANCH OF R. CORONARY ARTERY
8
The Human HeartElectric Pump
9
Part 2

• A Heart Attack in Progress

10
Heart Attack Facts

• 1 Killer of Adults
• 4,100 Heart Attacks every day
• 600,000 Heart Attack deaths each year
• Hundreds of thousands survive but are left with a
  damaged heart

11
Three Presentations of aHeart Attack

• Sudden, severe pain that stops you in your
  tracks.
• Gradual increasing pain with damage occurring
  over a period of hours.
• Very early presentation with mild symptoms over
  hours or days.

12
Ischemia Angina Pectoris
Partial block producing chest pain
Area of decreased blood supply
13
Coronary Artery Disease
14
Complete Obstruction AMI
Area of Infarct
15
Part 3

• Concepts of EHAC

16
Are All Heart Attacks Created Equal?
17
Progress Heart Attack Treatment

• Thrombolytic Therapy (clot busters)
• Angioplasty
• Prehospital Cardiac Care
• Decrease in hospital time to treatment saved
  heart muscle improvement in quality of life

18
Too Little Progress Heart Attack Recognition

• Only 25 of heart attack victims receive
  thrombolytic therapy
• Only 10 receive therapy within the first
  critical hour
• Most heart attack patients do not benefit from
  optimal medical advances..WHY?

19
DELAY

• in recognizing and responding to the early
  warning signs of a heart attack

20
Why E.H.A.C. ?

• Early Care Recognize Respond
• often mild symptoms, usually normal activity
• Late Care Obvious Emergency Respond
• incapacitating pain, diminished activity
• Too Late Care Critical Emergency Respond
• unconscious, CPR, defibrillation, probable death
• 85 of the heart damage takes place within the
  first two hours.

21
Part 4

• Recognition and Intervention

22
Early Symptoms of a Heart Attack

• Non-Specific Heart Attack Symptoms
• - weakness/fatigue
• clammy/sweating
• nausea/indigestion
• dizziness/nervousness
• shortness of breath
• neck/back/jaw pain
• feeling of doom
• elbow pain

• Specific Heart Attack Symptoms
• -chest discomfort
• chest pressure
• chest ache
• chest burning
• chest fullness

23
Early Signs of Heart Attack

• Present in up to half of heart attacks.
• Suddenly accelerate preceding the heart attack.
• Usually appear within 24 hours before the acute
  attack but can begin two to three weeks before.
• Duration varies from a few minutes to several
  hours.
• Usually intermittent with a pain free period
  before the onset of acute occlusion.

24
Part 5

• Delay and Denial

25
Why Do We Delay ?

• Denial and Procrastination Our Hearts Enemy!

26
1. Its Nothing Really Serious

• Ill just rest a bit

27
2. Im Too Busy Right Now

• I dont have time to be sick

28
3. I Dont Want to be a Problem

• If it turns out to be nothing Ill be embarrassed
  by the fuss made.

29
4. Paramedics Beware!

• First responders can easily be swayed by patient
  rationalizations and denials

30
5. Its Probably Heartburn or Indigestion

• Ill take something for it

31
6. Im Strong

• Just walk it off, grin and bear it

32
7. Im Healthy

• I have no serious medical problems..
• I exercise

33
8. Ill Just Wait It Out

• Everything will be OK

34
Part 6

• You The Early Heart Attack Care Giver

35
The E.H.A.C. Caregiver

• Spouse
• Children
• Parent
• Co-worker
• Friend
• Exercise Partner

Anyone who cares about you!
36
What To Ask and Look For

• Do you have any chest discomfort?
• Is it tightness, pressure, pain in the center of
  your chest?
• Is the discomfort also in your arms or jaw or
  neck or throat or back?
• Are you sick to your stomach?
• Is the person sweaty or clammy?
• What were you doing when the symptoms started?
• Do the symptoms go away with rest?
• Are you having any shortness of breath?

37
Overcoming Reluctance

• Suggest he or she check out early symptoms,
  better safe than sorry.
• Call 9-1-1. Paramedics have excellent evaluation
  tools.
• Offer to call spouse or family members if he or
  she is anxious.
• If he or she refuses to seek help, enlist friends
  or family members to help you convince them.
• Be personal and persistent. Sit, talk, try to
  relieve any tension and dont go away.
• When he or she agrees, congratulate them on their
  good judgement.
• If all else fails, take charge and be aggressive
  about getting the patient to the hospital.

38
A C T W I S E L Y

• Acknowledge the problem
• Be Calm
• Be Tenacious and do not give in.
• Be Willing to spend the time
• Be Influential
• Keep it Simple
• Be Empathetic
• Link the patient with early symptoms to medical
  care
• Say Yes - Ill pay attention

• A
• C
• T
• W
• I
• S
• E
• L
• Y

39
Listen to your Heart ? and be a Winner!

• Be aware of pressure, not necessarily pain, in
  your chest.
• Be aware if it increases with activity and
  subsides with rest.
• Dont try to rationalize it away. Be honest with
  yourself and others.
• Call 9-1-1 or have someone drive you to the
  nearest emergency room.
• Dont go to your doctors office or wait for an
  appointment.
• EHAC is knowing the subtle danger signs and
  acting on them before damage occurs.

40
Questions?