Jefferson Takes Office

1
Jefferson Takes Office

• When Jefferson becomes president in 1801, his
  party replaces Federalist programs with his own

2
Candidates in the Election of 1800

• Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Burr are the Democratic
  Republican candidates
• Believe the Alien and Sedition Acts violate Bill
  of Rights

3
Aaron Burr
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Candidates in the Election of 1800 continued

• John Adams is the Federalist candidate
• Thinks radicals, people with extreme political
  views will ruin nation

5
The winners are..

• Burr and Jefferson defeat Adams in presidential
  election
• Burr, Jefferson receive the same number of
  electoral votes

6
Breaking the Tie

• House of Representatives breaks Burr/Jefferson
  tie
• Federalists control the House of Representatives
• Some Federalists fear Jeffersons views
• Others, like Alexander Hamilton, feel Burr is
  unreliable
• House elects Jefferson as president

7
The Talented Jefferson

• Jefferson has many talents
• Advises Washington D.C. architects
• Skilled violinist, horseman, scientist, reader
• Book collection becomes the core for the Library
  of Congress

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Thomas Jefferson
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Jeffersons Philosophy

• Jefferson seeks to end many Federalist policies
• Allows Alien and Sedition Acts to end
• Ends many taxes including whiskey tax
• Reduces the number of Federal employees,
  government debt

10
Marshall and the Judiciary

• Adams uses Judiciary Act of 1801 to appoint many
  Federalist judges
• Jefferson is frustrated with Federalist judiciary
• Cannot change judges because they are appointed
  for life

11

• Before leaving office, Adams picks Chief Justice
  of Supreme Court
• Federalist Chief Justice John Marshall in office
  for over thirty years
• Strengthens the federal courts, presides over
  Marbury v. Madison, 1803

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John Marshal
13
Marbury v. Madison

• Before leaving office, Adams picks William
  Marbury as a justice
• New Secretary of State James Madison refuses to
  install Marbury
• Marbury sues, case goes to Supreme Court

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Marbury v. Madison
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Courts Ruling

• Court rules that law under which Marbury sues is
  unconstitutional
• Unconstitutional means to contradict the law of
  the Constitution

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Judicial Review

• Judicial review Supreme Court has the final say
  in interpreting the Constitution
• Helps establish balance between the 3 government
  branches