Science FOD

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Science FODs
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1. Which word describes every object and
substance on Earth?
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1. Matter
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2. What is matter made up of?
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2. Elements
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3. How many known elements are there?
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3. Over 100
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4. What is the smallest part of an element
called?
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4. Atom
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5. What is the result when you combine two or
more elements to make a new substance?
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5. Compound
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6. How would you show the compound of water?
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6. H2O
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7. How would you show the compound of salt?
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7. NaCl
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8. What is the smallest part of a compound?
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8. Molecule
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9. What state of matter is made of molecules
tightly packed together with a definite shape?
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9. Solid
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10. What state of matter is made of molecules
not tightly packed together that take the shape
of their container?
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10. Liquid
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11. What state of matter is made of molecules
spread fairly far apart and have no definite
shape?
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11. Gas
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12. What word describes things we can change
about matter and still have the same matter we
started with?
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12. Physical Change (Crumbling Paper)
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13. What word describes things we can change
about matter that results in a new type of matter?
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13. Chemical Change (Burning paper)
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14. How can we make molecules move faster?
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14. Increase temperature
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15. What happens to solids when heat is added?
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15. They melt and form a liquid
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16. What happens to liquids when heat is added?
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16. They evaporate and form a gas
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17. What happens to gas when heat is removed?
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17. They condense and form a liquid
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18. What happens to liquids when heat is removed?
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18. They freeze and form a solid
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19. What is created when different types of
compounds are joined together but can be
separated again?
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19. Mixture
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20. What is created when different types of
compounds are joined together and become a new
substance?
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20. Solution
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21. How can we separate materials in a solution?
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21. Heat and evaporate one substance to leave
the other behind
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22. Which term describes a systematic process to
investigating a question?
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22. Scientific Method
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23. Which word describes using senses to collect
information about the environment?
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23. Observation
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24. Which word describes using prior knowledge
and experiences to generate conclusions?
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24. Inference
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25. Which word means a fair test driven by a
hypothesis?
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25. Experiment
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26. What defines what is to be investigated in
an experiment and is often written as a question?
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26. Purpose
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27. What is it called when you read, get advice,
or make observations about a project?
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27. Research
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28. Which word means an educated guess about
what will happen in an experiment?
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28. Hypothesis
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29. What is the list of items used in an
experiment called?
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29. Materials
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30. What are the step by step directions to
follow in order to conduct an experiment?
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30. Procedure
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31. Which word means change?
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31. Variable
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32. Which variable do you change in setting up
an experiment?
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32. Independent Variable
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33. What variable changes as a result of the
experiment?
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33. Dependent Variable
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34. What parts of the experiment are kept the
same so they dont interfere with the results?
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34. Constants
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35. How many independent variables can you have
in an experiment?
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35. One
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36. How many dependent variables can you have in
an experiment?
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36. Unlimited, it depends on how many things
change in the experiment
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37. What is a graph, chart, or table used to
display results called?
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37. Data
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38. What is the summary that supports or
contradicts the hypothesis?
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38. Conclusion
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39. What type of measurement is used in all
scientific experiments?
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39. Metric System
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40. Which type of data use descriptions and
observations to show results?
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40. Qualitative Data
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41. Which type of data use numbers and graphs to
show results?
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41. Quantitative Data
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42. What is the light we see called?
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42. White Light
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43. What is white light actually made of?
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43. A combination of different colors all mixed
together
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44. What term describes the different colors
that get separated into a rainbow?
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44. Visible Spectrum
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45. What is the order of colors in the visible
spectrum?
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Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo,
Violet (ROY G. BIV)
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46. What object is often used to break white
light apart into the visible spectrum?
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46. Prism
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47. Which color has the longest wavelength?
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47. Red
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48. Which color has the shortest wavelength?
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48. Violet
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49. How does light travel?
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49. In straight paths called rays
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50. How long does it take light from the sun to
reach Earth 150 million km away?
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50. Less than 8 ½ minutes
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51. What term describes light hitting an object
and bouncing back?
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51. Reflection
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52. What term describes light hitting an object
and bending to go off in another direction?
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52. Refraction
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53. What term describes when light passes
through the object it hits?
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53. Transmit
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54. What term describes when light is taken into
the object it hits and stored as heat energy?
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54. Absorb
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55. What objects allow lots of light to pass
through them clearly?
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55. Transparent
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56. What objects only allow some light to pass
through, scattering the image?
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56. Translucent
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57. What objects do not allow any light to pass
through?
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57. Opaque
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58. What is used on many optical tools to
enlarge or clarify an image?
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58. Lenses and Mirrors
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59. Who was the first person to use a telescope
to study the sky?
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59. Galileo
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60. What lensmaker made the first simple
microscope?
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60. Anton van Leewenhoek
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61. Who first observed that light travels at
different wavelengths and bends at different
angles to produce the visible spectrum?
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61. Isaac Newton
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62. Who first used a compound microscope to
study?
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62. Robert Hook
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63. What is sound?
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63. A form of energy
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64. How are sounds produced?
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64. Through vibrations
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65. How does sound travel?
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65. In waves
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66. What is a wave?
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66. A disturbance moving through a solid,
liquid, or gas
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67. What is the high point of a wave called?
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67. Crest
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68. What is the low point of a wave called?
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68. Trough
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69. How are wavelengths measured?
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69. From crest to crest
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70. What material can sound waves travel through?
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70. All matter solids, liquids, and gases
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71. What material does sound travel fastest
through?
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71. Solids, because the molecules are closest
together
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72. What material can sound waves not travel
through?
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72. Vacuum
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73. What term is given to the number of waves
that happen in a certain period of time?
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73. Frequency
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74. What term describes the highness or
lowness of a sound?
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74. Pitch
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75. How is pitch determined?
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75. By the frequency of vibrating objects
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76. Which type of vibrations produce a higher
pitch?
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76. Faster vibrations
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77. How does a person produce sound?
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77. Vibrations of vocal chords
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78. How do musical instruments produce sounds?
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78. Vibrations of strings or columns of air
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79. What term is used for animals that rely on
sound to find objects for directions or food?
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79. Echolocation
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80. What term describes an electronic tool that
is used to detect and locate objects in air or
space?
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80. Radar
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81. What term describes an electronic tool that
is used to detect and locate objects underwater?
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81. Sonar
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82. What is the smallest part of all living
things?
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82. Cells
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83. Where do cells come from?
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83. Existing cells
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84. What are the 4 main parts of an animal cell?
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84. Nucleus, Cell Membrane, Vacuoles, Cytoplasm
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85. What shape do animal cells tend to be?
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85. Spherical
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86. What are the 6 main parts of a plant cell?
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86. Nucleus, Vacuoles, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane,
Cell Wall, Chloroplast
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87. What shape do plant cells tend to be?
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87. Rectangular
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88. What parts of a plant cell are not found in
an animal cell?
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88. Cell Wall and Chloroplast
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89. What are the five groups of living things
organized into?
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89. Kingdoms
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90. What are the 5 Kingdoms?
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90. Monera, Protist, Fungi, Plant, and Animal
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91. Which type of plants have stems, roots, and
leaves with tube-like structures that carry food
and water?
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91. Vascular
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92. What part of the plant carries food and
water from the roots to the leaves in vascular
plants?
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92. Xylem
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93. What part of the plant carries food and
water from the leaves to the other parts of a
vascular plant?
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93. Phloem
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94. Name some vascular plants.
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94. Flowers, Trees, Grass, Bushes
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95. What makes nonvascular plants different from
vascular plants?
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95. Nonvascular plants dont have specialized
parts.
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96. Name a nonvascular plant.
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96. Moss
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97. Which type of plants are most common?
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97. Vascular
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98. Which type of animal has a backbone?
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98. Vertebrate
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99. Which type of animal does not have a
backbone?
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99. Invertebrate
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100. What are the groups that vertebrates are
classified into?
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100. Mammals, Birds, Fish, Reptiles, and
Amphibians
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101. What are the groups that invertebrates are
classified into?
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101. Sponges, Cnidarians, Annelids, Mollusks,
Echinoderms, and Arthropods
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102. How much of the Earths surface is covered
by oceans?
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102. About 70
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103. What is the shallow part of the ocean floor
that is close to the edge of the continent called?
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103. Continental Shelf
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104. What is the land from the edge of the shelf
descending to the deep water of the ocean basin
or floor called?
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104. Continental Slope
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105. What is the gently sloping area made of
sediment washed down from the slope called?
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105. Continental Rise
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106. What is the vast open floor of the ocean
called?
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106. Continental Plain
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107. What are underwater mountains called?
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107. Mid-ocean ridge
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108. What are deep narrow valleys in the ocean
floor called?
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108. Trenches
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109. What is ocean water made up of?
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109. Gases (air) and dissolved solids like salt
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110. What can affect the salinity of ocean water?
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110. Rates of evaporation and runoff from nearby
land
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What are the basic motions of ocean water?112.
What causes ocean currents?
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111. Currents, waves, and tides
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112. What causes ocean currents?
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112. Wind patterns and differences in density
from salinity and temperature changes
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113. What is one well-known current?
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113. Gulf Stream
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114. What do currents affect?
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114. Mixing of ocean waters, Plant and animal
populations, Navigation routes
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115. As you get deeper into the ocean, what
factors increase and decrease?
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115. Temperature and Light decrease and Pressure
increases
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116. Which organisms drift about in the
nutrient-rich areas of the open ocean?
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116. Plankton
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117. Which type of plankton are animals?
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117. Zooplankton
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118. Which type of plankton are plants that
produce much of the Earths oxygen and serve as
the base of the ocean ecosystem?
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118. Phytoplankton
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119. Which animals can swim and control their
own movements?
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119. Nekton
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120. Which organisms live in or on the ocean
bottom?
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120. Benthos
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121. What are some resources found in the ocean?
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121. Food, Fossil fuels, Minerals, Petroleum,
Ores, and Salt
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122. What are some of the negative effects
people have on oceans?
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122. Pollution, Sewage, Oil Spills, and
Overfishing
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123. What model shows the continued process of
change in the Earth and its rocks?
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123. Rock Cycle
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124. Which 2 factors inside the Earth cause
rocks to change into other types of rocks?
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124. Heat and Pressure
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125. Which 2 factors at the surface of the Earth
cause rocks to change into other types of rocks?
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125. Weathering and Erosion
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126. What are the 5 properties that you can look
for in determining types of rocks?
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126. Composition, Grain Size, Texture, Color,
and Fossils
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127. Which type of rock is formed from layers of
sediments being cemented together?
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127. Sedimentary
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128. Which type of rock is formed from the
melting and cooling of lava and magma?
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128. Igneous
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129. Which type of rock is changed from heat and
pressure?
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129. Metamorphic
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130. How old is the Earth?
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130. 4.6 billion years old
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131. What are the remains of plants and animals
preserved into rocks called?
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131. Fossils
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132. What are fossils indicators of?
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132. Past climate and geography
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133. What is the breaking and wearing away of
rocks into smaller pieces by wind, water, ice,
and chemical changes?
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133. Weathering
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134. What is the moving of weathered rocks and
soil by wind, water, or ice?
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134. Erosion
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135. What are the large continent-sized blocks
that move slowly about the Earths surface called?
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135. Plates
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136. What causes plates to move?
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136. Heat
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137. How often are plates moving?
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137. All the time
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138. What are the plate boundaries called where
most earthquakes and volcanoes occur?
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138. Faults
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139. What are boundaries called where plates
move towards each other?
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139. Convergent
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140. What are boundaries called where plates
move away from each other?
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140. Divergent
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141. What are boundaries called where plates
slide past each other?
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141. Sliding
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142. Which layer of Earth is made of rock and
soil?
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142. Crust
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143. Which layer of Earth is made of solid rock
and some partially melted rock?
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143. Mantle
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144. Which layer of Earth is made of melted rock
such as iron and nickel?
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144. Outer Core
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145. Which layer of Earth is made of solid rock
because of heat and pressure compacting it?
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145. Inner Core
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146. Which two things increase with depth
beneath the surface of the Earth?
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146. Heat and Pressure
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147. What term describes the clearing away of
forestland for farming, which also causes erosion?
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147. Deforestation
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148. What legislation was made to help prevent
or slow down the effects of erosion?
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148. Land Reclamation Act