U.S. Foreign Policy

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U.S. Foreign Policy
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What is foreign policy

• Goals that nations pursue in relation to other
  international actors
• Goals
• Survival
• Territorial Integrity
• Economic Security
• Promoting Democracy and Human Rights
• Actors
• States (nations)
• IGO (Intergovernmental Organizations UN NATO)
• NGO (Nongovernmental Organizations MNCs,
  al-Qaeda)

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Presidents Foreign Policy Helpers

• Who are part of the foreign policy bureaucracy?
• National Security Council
• Intelligence Agencies
• CIA
• FBI
• Military agencies

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Presidents Foreign Policy Helpers

• State Department
• Sec. of State Hillary Clinton
• Goals
• Promote peace
• Promote democracy
• Promote trade and development

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Presidents Foreign Policy Helpers

• Defense Department
• Sec. of Defense Robert Gates
• Goals
• Protect the country from attack
• Provide trained or ready military forces

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Military Commands
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History of Foreign Policy

• Internationalism (Cold War to 1980)
• WWII US and USSR emerge as dominant powers
  (bipolar)
• Soviets expand in Europe, Asia, Africa
• U.S. Policy of Containment
• Truman Doctrine U.S support free people
• Nuclear Missiles and 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis
• Detente (1960s and 1970s) Easing of Tensions
• Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
• Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (to reduce
  nuclear weapons)
• Pres. Carter (1977-1981) human rights but
  foreign policy failures
• Weakening U.S. nuclear missile capability

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History of Foreign Policy

• Internationalism (1980-1991)
• Ronald Reagan
• Built up nuclear arsenal
• Supported military groups overthrowing communist
  governments
• Fall of Communism
• USSR weakened, cannot protect communist
  governments
• East European people revolt against communist
  governments
• USSR collapses in 1991
• Mono-polar world U.S. only major power

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History of Foreign Policy

• Internationalism (1991-Date) Mono-polar world
• Pres. Bush and Clinton
• U.S. promotes democracy in E. Europe and Russia
• Gulf War 1991
• Pres. G.W. Bush
• 9/11 and War on Terrorism
• Bush Doctrine
• Root out terrorism
• US and NATO countries enter Afghanistan and Iraq
• Promoting democracy
• Promoting capitalism
• North Korea explodes nuclear bomb and Iran
  developing nuclear bomb

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History of Foreign Policy

• Pres. Obama
• National Security Focus
• Defeat terrorism (Afghanistan War)
• Down plays spreading democracy
• Multilateralism engage other nations in solving
  world problems
• Korea Group of Six
• Use UN to build coalitions to solve problems
• Korean Sanctions
• Use force as a last resort
• Doesnt want to use the military as a form of
  leverage
• Date of withdrawal from Afghanistan

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North Korean Nuclear Problem? __________________
Power in World Politics
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Nuclear Powers
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(No Transcript)
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North Korean History

• North Korea
• Communist Dictatorship Kim Jon il
• Son Kim Jon-un
• Economy
• Command low industrial/agricultural output
• GDP 22 Billion (2002)
• Population 23 Million
• Military
• 4th Largest Army
• 31 of budget goes to military

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Brief History

• 1993
• Clinton deal
• N. Korea can develop peaceful nuclear power and
  gets oil
• N. Korea agrees not to develop nuclear weapons
• 2003
• N. Korea abrogates Nuclear Proliferation Treaty
  demands non-aggression pact with U.S.
• 2006
• Detonates first nuclear bomb
• 2007
• Agrees to end nuclear energy program

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Brief History

• 2008
• Restarts nuclear program
• 2009
• Test second nuclear bomb
• 2010
• N. Korea torpedoes S. Korean war ship 46 killed
• U.S imposes sanctions on luxury goods to N. Korea
• November
• U.S. scientist visits new enriched uranium plant
• N. Korea attacks disputed Yeonpyeong Island

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U.S. Policy Options

• Handout aid and security assurances if N. Korea
  agrees to dismantle nuc program
• Military strike on nuclear facilities
• Economic sanctions
• Allow N. Korea to develop nuclear weapons