Leadership

1
Leadership
2
Leadership vs. Management

• Leadership
• Coping with change
• Establishing direction
• Aligning resources
• Inspiring others

• Management
• Coping with complexity
• Bringing about order and consistency

3

• Can you think of someone who is a good manager
  but not an effective leader? What about
  vice-versa?

4
Leadership Defined

• Leadership is the ability to influence a group
  toward the achievement of a vision or a set of
  goals.
• The use of non-coercive influence.

5
Ways to View Management

• Trait Theories
• Behavioral Theories
• Contingency Theories
• Charisma
• Transformational
• Full Range of Leadership (FRL)

6
Trait Theories

• Tried to differentiate leaders from non-leaders
  by focusing on personal qualities and
  characteristics, such as
• Personality
• Social factors
• Physical factors
• Intellectual factors
• It was relatively unproductive! Until...

7
The Big Five

• The Big Five is a personality framework which
  helps to analyze probability of leadership
  qualities in a person. Most leaders are
• Extraverted, conscientious, and open to new
  experiences.

8
What is your Big Five score?

• Extraversion
• Conscientiousness
• Openness to new experiences
• Agreeableness
• Emotional stability/neuroticism

9
Think about this

• Based on your Big Five personality profile, what
  leadership traits do you possess?
• Do you think are or could be a good leader? Why
  or why not?

10
Emotional Intelligence

• EI has also helped to determine leadership
  qualities. Mainly, the quality of empathy is
  indicative of many leaders.

11

• Identify who you think are or have been great
  leaders.
• Good, bad, past, present, etc....

12

• What characteristics do they all have in common?

13
Trait Theory...is it useful?

• Overall, trait theory can be used to
• Predict who will likely become a leader and who
  will not, and
• Distinguishing between effective and noneffective
  leaders.

14
Behavioral Theories

• Involves research of the behaviors of specific
  leaders
• Assumes people can
• be trained to lead, and
• tries to find out
• the correct actions
• leaders can take

15
Behavioral vs. Trait

• Behaviors can be taught....but traits cannot!

16

• So, what do you think?
• Can leadership be taught? Or are leaders born?

17
Finding and Creating Effective Leaders

• Selection (trait theory)
• Personality test to look for traits associated
  with leadership
• Match leaders to situations
• Training (behavioral theory)
• Train those willing to change their behavior
• Can teach implementation skills and
  transformational skills

18

• Leadership Development program are
  plentiful...are they valid?
• Will we end up with too many leaders and not
  enough followers?

19
Three Primary Behavioral Studies

• Ohio State Studies
• University of Michigan Studies
• Blake and Moutons Managerial/Leadership Grid

20
Contingency Theories

• Fiedler Model
• Leader-Member Exchange Theory
• Path-goal Theory

21
Charismatic Leadership Theory

• Followers make attributions of heroic or
  extraordinary leadership abilities when they
  observe certain behaviors

22
Transformational Leadership

• Transactional leaders - motivate followers in the
  direction of established goals by clarifying role
  and task requirements
• Transformational leaders - inspire followers to
  transcend their own self-interests for the good
  of the organization

23
Full Range of Leadership

• The ability to use the full range of leadership
  behaviors is what separates ineffective from
  effective leaders.
• Transformational leaders are able to utilize the
  FRL Model.

24
Full Range of Leadership Model
25
Why Transformational Leadership Works

• Creativity
• Goals
• Vision
• Commitment
• Being charismatic is usually a prerequisite for
  being transformational.

26
Authentic Leadership

• Authentic leaders know who they are, know what
  they believe in, know what they value, and act on
  those values and beliefs openly and candidly

27
Authentic Leadership

• If were looking for the best possible leader, it
  is not enough to be charismatic or visionary
  one must also be ethical and create trust on the
  part of followers.

28
Ethical Breakdown in Leaders

• Can people act unethically in their personal
  lives and still be a great leader?
• Do we, as a society, trust in leaders who have
  done bad things?

29
Ethical Breakdowns, contd

• Name a leader who has had an ethical breakdown.
• Why has this breakdown occurred?
• Was it because of wrong style? (i.e. using
  charisma when it did not work...) or an
  unfavorable trait or behavior?