Motivation

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Motivation
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Overview

• What is Motivation?
• Motivation Theories
• Maslows Hierarchy
• of Needs
• McGregors Theory X and Theory Y
• Tips for Motivating Subordinates
• Case Study

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Websters Definition

• MOTIVATION an impulse, emotion, desire or
• psychological need acting as incitement to
  action.
• Kanfers view motivation is anything that
  provides
• direction intensity
  persistence

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Motivation Defined

• Getting people doing what needs to be done
  because they want to do it.

MOTIVATION
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Motivations Three Steps

• Begins with need
• Action to address need
• Need satisfied

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Motivation Defined

• Motivation Chain

Ability
Desire
Reward
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PsychologicalSchools of Thought

• Psychoanalytic outside influences affect
  Motivation
• Behaviorist behavior modification affects
  motivation
• Human Relations allowing more individual
  authority affects motivation

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Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
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MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
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SUPERVISORY QUALITIES ENHANCED BY KNOWING
- A lower level need must be satisfied before
the next higher level becomes important in
motivating behavior and - Only relatively
unsatisfied needs are capable of motivating
people
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Self-Actualization
Ego
Belonging
Safety
Survival
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SURVIVAL
Food
Shelter
Clothing
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Self-Actualization
Ego
Belonging
Safety
Survival
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SAFETY
Physical Safety Psychological Safety Home
Health Job Retirement
From Harm Insurance
Savings
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Self-Actualization
Ego
Belonging
Safety
Survival
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BELONGING
Love Acceptance
Approval
Warmth
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Self-Actualization
Ego
Belonging
Safety
Survival
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ESTEEM - EGO
Recognition Worth
Status Self-Respect
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Ego
Belonging
Safety
Survival
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SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Personal Self-Fulfillment Growth
Realizing Potential
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Reminder
- A lower level need must be satisfied before the
next higher level becomes important in motivating
behavior and - Only relatively unsatisfied needs
are capable of motivating people
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• McGregors
• Theory X
• and
• Theory Y

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McGregors Theory X

• People, by nature, dont like to work
• People lack ambition and must be coerced or
  forced to work
• People prefer to be told what to do
• People resist change
• People are gullible and not overly intelligent

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• McGregors Theory X

• Hard Approach
• Coercion
• Tight controls
• over behavior

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McGregors Theory X

• Soft Approach
• Satisfying Peoples Demands
• Achieving Harmony

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McGregors Theory Y

• People may actively seek work instead of avoiding
  it
• People prefer participative management
• People prefer setting their own goals
• People seek responsibility

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McGregors TheoriesA Comparative Snapshot

• Theory X
• - External
• control
• - Hard and soft
• approach

• Theory Y
• - Internal or
• self-control
• - Environment
• approach
• - Create opportunities

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Tips for Motivating Followers

• Start with a goal or mission
• Make the task clear
• Match the people with the task
• Remove the roadblocks
• Give positive feedback

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Tips for Motivating Followers

• Give more responsibility when appropriate
• Let people work independently
• Recognize achievements / contributions
• Dont make promises you cant keep
• Be a good role model

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SUMMARY

• What is Motivation?
• Motivation Theories
• Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
• McGregors Theory X and Theory Y
• Motivational Examples
• Tips for Motivating Subordinates
• Case Study