3.1 Chemical Compounds in Cells

1
3.1 Chemical Compounds in Cells

• Explore the tiny particles that make up all
  living and nonliving things

2
Intro

• Look at the items
• Sunblock
• Baking soda
• salt
• How do you think they connect to this lesson 3.1
  Chemical Compounds in Cells?

3
Key Terms to Know
4
Matter Review

• Matter
• Particles (atoms) that makes up all non-living
  things
• Atoms
• The small particles that make up matter

5
Atoms and Elements

• Each atom is made up of a different ELEMENT!!

6
Elements Compounds

• Element
• Any substance that cannot be broken down into
  simpler substances
• Example nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, hydrogen
• Video on atoms elements

7
Molecules Several Atoms

• Molecules
• Group of 2 or more atoms bonded together
• Visual

8
Compounds Atoms from Different Elements

• Compounds
• Atoms of different elements bonded together
• Video

9
WATER Compound

• A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms
  and one oxygen atom
• Molecule is two or more atoms joined together
• Most chemical reactions would not take place
  without water!!!

10
2 Major Categories of Compounds

• Organic
• Inorganic

11
Inorganic vs. Organic Compounds

• Organic Compounds
• Compounds that contain carbon
• Most compounds have carbon
• Inorganic Compounds
• Compounds that do not have carbon

12
4 Major Groups of Organic Compounds

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids

13
Carbohydrates

• Definition
• Is an energy-rich organic compound made of
  carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
• Function
• Provides us with energy
• Make up cell parts
• Cellulose in cell wall and membranes is a
  carbohydrate

14
Examples of Foods High in Carbohydrate Compounds

• Sugars and starches are carbs
• Sugar glucose
• Starches pasta, rice, potatoes, bread

15
Lipids

• Definition
• Are energy-rich compounds made of carbon,
  hydrogen, and oxygen
• Function
• Gives lots of energy to cells (more than carbs)
• Cells store lipids for later use
• Cell membranes are made of lipids

16
Examples of Foods with Lipid Compounds

• Fats
• Oils

17
Proteins

• Definition
• Are large organic molecules made of carbon,
  hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur

18
Examples of Foods with Protein Compounds

• Foods high in protein
• Meat
• Eggs
• Fish
• Nuts
• Beans

19
Structure of Proteins

• Protein molecules made up of smaller molecules
  called amino acids
• Only 20 kinds of amino acids
• The kinds and order of amino acid determine the
  protein made

20
Amino Acids Make up Proteins

21
Functions of Proteins

• Most cell organelles are made up of proteins
• Some proteins are enzymes
• type of protein that speeds up a chemical
  reaction in a living things
• Example saliva speeds up digestion
• Without enzymes we
• wouldnt live

22
Nucleic Acids

• Definition
• Are very long organic molecules of carbon,
  hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorous
• 2 Types
• RNA
• DNA
• Function
• They are instructions cells need to carry out
  functions of life

23
2 Types of Nucleic Acids

• DNA
• Deoxyribonucleic acid
• Is genetic material that carries information
  about an organism and is passed from parent to
  offspring
• RNA
• Ribonucleic acid
• Plays important role in production of proteins

24
Main Idea of the Lesson?

• Also, how does this lesson answer the chapter
  focus question, Why do we need cell processes?