World History II SOL Review

1
World History II SOL Review

• Use these slides like flash cards to study for
  the SOL test
• WHII.9 WHII.10

2
Outbreak of World War I

• What are the MAIN causes for WWI?
• Militarism
• Alliances
• Imperialism
• Nationalism

3
World in 1914

• Where is the powder keg? (Balkan Peninsula)
• What happens in Bosnia?
• Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary is
  assassinated.

4
Alliances

• Who was the leader of Germany?
• Kaiser Wilhelm II
• With what country did Wilhelm ally?
• Austria
• What two divisions (alliances) emerge?
• Central Powers Germany, Austria, Ottoman Empire
• Allied Powers Great Britain, France, Russia and
  later Italy

5
Militarism

• What is mobilization?
• Preparing for war, gathering weapons
• The mobilization of WHAT country threatened
  Germany?
• Russia
• RESULT?
• Germany declares war on Russia and outlines a
  two-front war Schlieffen Plan

6
What made WWI different?

• The Industrial Revolution led to knew kinds of
  warfare machine guns, poison gas
• How did this change life on the front?
• Soldiers create trenches for defense
• What was the result of trench warfare?
• Stalemate

7
World War I

• WHAT is the term for complete mobilization of all
  resources?
• Total War
• WHO did the French and British call on to help
  with the war effort?
• Their colonies in Africa and South America.
• WHAT drew the US into the war?
• Sinking of the Lusitania, Zimmerman Telegram and
  relationship with Britain

8
Treaty of Versailles

• WHAT was Woodrow Wilsons plan for peace?
• Fourteen Points
• WHAT did this plan propose?
• Disarmament, free trade, freedom of the seas,
  self-determination, ban secret treaties League
  of Nations
• WHERE was the peace plan discussed?
• Paris Peace Conference
• WHAT happened to the Austrian Empire?
• Fell apart Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland,
  Romania

9
Treaty of Versailles Germany

• What did the treaty require of Germany?
• War Guilt
• Huge reparations
• Limited military
• What was the result?
• Bitter resentment later to be exploited by
  Hitler
• The US emerges as a huge power, takes
  isolationist stance

10
What led to the Russian Revolution?

• Defeated in Russo-Japanese war
• Landless peasantry
• Incompetence of Czar (Tsar) Nicholas II
• High casualties in WWI

11
What is the Russian Revolution?

• Tsar Nicholas II steps down for provisional
  government
• The Bolsheviks (Communists/Reds) defeat the
  provisional govt. (whites).
• The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is
  formed.
• VI Lenin is the new Soviet leader

12
Interwar League of Nations

• US refuses to join although the idea was
  President Wilsons
• Creates MANDATE SYSTEM redistributing former
  German colonies and Middle Eastern territories to
  the Allies

13
What caused the Worldwide Great Depression?

• Triggered by US Stock Market Collapse in 1929
• US stops sending money to Europe
• Supply far exceeded demand
• Expansion of Protestant Movement - Geneva

14
What contributed to the Rise of Dictatorships?

• Global depression
• Horrors of war
• Revolutions bred fear of Communism and
  instability of government

15
WHICH dictator?

• Formed and anti-communist party in Italy
• Founded fascist movement
• Return to the glory of the Roman Empire
• Invaded Ethiopia
• BENITO MUSSOLINI

16
WHICH Dictator?

• Had to revive flagging economy
• Stirred public to nationalistic frenzy
• Formed the National Socialist Workers Party
  (Nazi Party)
• Used communists, gypsies and Jews as scapegoats
  for national problems
• ADOLF HITLER

17
WHICH Dictator?

• Extreme nationalism fuels imperialism
• An increased need for raw materials leads to
  invasion of Manchuria
• VERY militaristic
• HIDEKI TOJO (Emperor Hirohito)

18
WHICH Dictator??

• Took over when Lenin died
• Increased strength of national economic system
  (differs from other dictators)
• Five Year Plan (production) and collectivization
  of farms
• Use Secret Police to quiet dissenters GREAT
  PURGE
• JOSEF STALIN (economic system communism)