SOL REVIEW AfricanAmerican History

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SOL REVIEWAfrican-American History
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What group did Europeans force to come to the
Americas?

• Africans

3
What trade pattern brought African-Americans to
the English colonies?

• The Triangular Trade

4
What was the name of the forced voyage of African
slaves from their homes to the New World?

• The Middle Passage

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According to the SOLs, what were the 3 points in
the Triangular Trade?

• New England colonies
• the West Indies
• Africa

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What was the three-fifths compromise?
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A compromise between the northern states and the
southern states at the Constitutional Convention.

• Slaves would count as 3/5 of a person in figuring
  the slave states population for representation
  in the House of Representatives.

8
Define abolitionists.

• People who wanted to abolish (end) slavery
  immediately

9
Who was one of the most important abolitionist
leaders?

• William Lloyd Garrison

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What was the name of the antislavery newspaper in
Boston?

• The Liberator

11
Who wrote Uncle Toms Cabin?

• Harriet Beecher Stowe

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Describe Uncle Toms Cabin.

• An antislavery novel
• Told the cruelties of slavery

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Who was Gabriel Prosser?
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• African-American slave
• Planned a slave revolt in Richmond, Va.
• Revolt crushed by Va. militia
• Prosser and 35 slaves were executed

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Who was Nat Turner?
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• An African-American slave
• Led a slave revolt in Southampton County, Va.
• Killed 55 whites
• 100 blacks were killed
• Turner was captured and executed

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What was the Supreme Courts decision in the Dred
Scott case?
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• Since Dred Scott was a slave, he could not sue in
  federal court
• African-Americans were not citizens of the United
  States
• Since Congress had no power to prohibit slavery
  in the territories, the Missouri Compromise was
  unconstitutional

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What did the Dred Scott decision say about the
Missouri Compromise?

• The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

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In Dred Scott v. Sandford did the Supreme Court
rule that Scott should remain a slave or gain his
freedom?

• Remain a slave

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Identify Frederick Douglass.
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• Former African-American slave
• Important black abolitionist
• Encouraged President Lincoln to recruit former
  slaves to fight in the Union army

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What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

• Freed all slaves who lived in states still in
  rebellion on Jan. 1, 1863

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Identify the 13th Amendment.

• Freed the Slaves

25
Identify 14th Amendment.

• Granted citizenship to African-Americans
• Forbid the states from denying any American
  equal protection of the laws

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Identify the 15th Amendment.

• Gave African-American males the right to vote

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What are the key words to remember the
Reconstruction Amendments?

• 13th Freedom
• 14th Citizenship
• 15th Vote

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What was the Jim Crow Era?

• The period (late 1800s to mid-1960s) when the
  Southern states required racial segregation in
  public schools, transportation and other public
  facilities.

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For what is Jim Crow a synonym?

• Racial Segregation

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What political rights did African-Americans lose
during the Jim Crow Era?

• The right to vote
• The right to serve on juries

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Define racial segregation.

• Separation of the races
• In the South, separation of blacks and whites

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• What type of education did Booker T. Washington
  advocate (call for/support) for
  African-Americans?
• Vocational education

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• How did the Supreme Court rule in 1896 in the
  case of Plessy v. Ferguson?
• Racial segregation was constitutional (legal).

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• What doctrine was established by the Supreme
  Courts decision in Plessy v. Ferguson?
• The Separate But Equal Doctrine

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• What does racial segregation mean?
• Separation of the races

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• For what does NAACP stand?
• National Association for the Advancement of
  Colored People

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• What were three ideas in Booker T. Washingtons
  philosophy for the advancement of
  African-Americans?
• 1) Vocational Education 2) Self-Help 3)
  Economic Success

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• What were W.E.B. DuBois ideas for the
  advancement of African-Americans?
• Legal Rights and Political Equality for
  African-Americans NOW!

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Identify the Plessy v. Ferguson decision.

• Separate but equal facilities were
  constitutional
• Racial segregation was legal

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For what 2 things did the NAACP work?

• End legal segregation in the South
• Gain the right to vote for African-Americans in
  the South

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Who was an early leader of the NAACP?

• W.E.B. DuBois

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What Supreme Court decision set forth the
separate but equal doctrine?

• Plessy v. Ferguson

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What was the 1954 Supreme Court decision in the
Brown v. Board of Education decision?

• Supreme Court declared racial segregation in
  public schools unconstitutional

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What was the constitutional basis of the Brown
decision?

• Racial segregation violated the equal
  protection clause of the 14th Amendment

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What event made Rosa Parks famous?

• The Montgomery Bus Boycott

46
What was the goal of the 1963 March on Washington

• Gain passage of major civil rights laws by
  Congress

47
Who gave the I have a dream speech at the March
on Washington?

• Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

48
For what method of protest was Dr. King known?

• Non-violent, mass protest

49
Identify the 1964 Civil Rights Act.

• Outlawed racial, religious, and sex
  discrimination in public places and by employers
• Gave the federal government more power to enforce
  all civil rights laws

50
Identify the 1965 Voting Rights Act.

• Outlawed literacy tests as a voting requirement
• Sent federal registrars to the South to register
  black voters

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What was a literacy test?

• Person had to prove he could read and write in
  order to vote

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Why did the Southern states require literacy
tests?

• To keep African-Americans from voting