Grammar lesson

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Grammar lesson
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Content

1. Conditional sentences
2. Time clause
3. Base and strong adjectives

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1. Conditionals
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Real conditional sentence
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• If it rains heavily for a long time, the serious
  blood will happen

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• You study hard. You want to pass the exam. You
  dont study anything. as a result, you fail the
  exam.

• If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

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e.g1. If you hurry, you will not miss the
bus. e.g2. If you water this small tree, it does
not die. e.g3.The baby is sleeping, please dont
make noise!
If Present Tense
will inf / present tense / imperative

• Talking about something possible (in the
  present)

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1. If I go to a friend's house for dinner, I usually
   take a bottle of wine or some flowers.
2. When I have a day off from work, I often go to
   the beach.
3. If the weather is nice, she walks to work.
4. Jerry helps me with my homework when he has time.
   
5. I read if there is nothing on TV.
6. A What do you do when it rains?B I stay at
   home.
7. A Where do you stay if you go to Sydney?B I
   stay with my friends near the harbor.

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Present Unreal Conditional
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If I were Ronaldo

• now, peter is still young. But he wants to be a
  famous footballer like Christiano Ronaldo.
• He say I would feel happy if I became a famous
  footballers like Ronaldo

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• The girl is not a doctor, but he wants to be a
  doctor

She says

• If I were a doctor, I could help other people.

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e.g1. If I were a prince, you would be my only
princess. e.g2. If you knew where the robber
was, you should report to the police.
If Past Tense
Would/could/should infinitive

• Talking about something improbable or unlikely
  to happen (in the present)

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• Examples
• If I owned a car, I would drive to work. But I
  don't own a car.
• She would travel around the world if she had more
  money. But she doesn't have much money.
• I would read more if I didn't watch so much TV.
• Mary would move to Japan if she spoke Japanese.
• If they worked harder, they would earn more
  money.
• A What would you do if you won the lottery?B I
  would buy a house.
• A Where would you live if you moved to the
  U.S.?B I would live in Seattle.

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• EXCEPTION If I were ...
• In the Present Unreal Conditional, the form "was"
  is not considered grammatically correct. In
  written English or in testing situations, you
  should always use "were." However, in everyday
  conversation, "was" is often used.
• Examples
• If he were French, he would live in Paris.
• If she were rich, she would buy a yacht.
• I would play basketball if I were taller.
• I would buy that computer if it were cheaper.
• I would buy that computer if it was cheaper. Not
  Correct (But often said in conversation.)

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Time clause
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Introduction

• Look at these examples
• Rudy washed the floor before he watched the
  soccer match. Rudy washed the floor after the
  soccer match. Rudy washed the floor when the
  soccer match ended. Rudy washed the floor while
  he was watching the soccer match.

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Time clause before he watched the soccer match 
after the soccer match
when the soccer match ended
while he was watching the soccer match
Main clause (independent)
Rudy washed the floor
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SOME STRUCTURES
Two past tense events It started to rain before I got home
Prof. Simon gave a test after the spring break ended.
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Modal auxiliary and present tense Henry may go to the movie after he has dinner. 
Secretary Simon ought to negotiate with the rebels before the situation gets out of hand.
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An on-going event interrupted by a single event in the past Myra was reading a book when the phone rang.
Past tense cause and effect Myra had to get up when the phone rang
Two past tense events Ben asked for a ride when Myra answered the phone.
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Two future events past tense continuous Myra will leave to pick up Ben when she hangs up.
Two past tense continuous activitiesI I was listening carefully while the manager was explaining the problem.
One event interrupted by single action The doorbell rang while I was taking a shower.
?The time clause simply states the relationship
of other actions to the activity in the main
clause.
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• More examples
• When the teacher enters the class, all students
  are singing.
• Till she dies, she will not change her bad
  habits.
• As soon as the bus stops, it rains.
• When the teacher entered the class, all the
  members were dancing.
• While I am listening to music, my brother is
  watching films.

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• Ex1 Build up the whole sentence using Time
  clause.
• 1. He/ have/ free time/ do outdoor activies.
• 2. The parents/ finish their work/ go for a walk
  near the lake.
• 3.The little girls and boys/ have/ birthday/
  receive presents and best wishes.
• 4. Our country/ be a member of WTO/ our
  economics/ have chance to develop.
• 5. He/ finish/ all his duties/ go home and relax.

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Choose suitable words from the list when, as
soon as or until, till, whenever, while

•  Im so excited.  Im going to get my skis on
  _________ we get there!
• Ill take driving lessons ________ Ive finished
  school.  Im not in a hurry.
• I cant go to the office ________ Ive found my
  car keys!
• I have to take the pasta out of the water
  __________ its cooked, or it gets too soft and
  sticky.

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Ex 2 Look at the timetable below and use the
clues and time clause to write full sentences

• Monday review Maths and Physics.
• Tuesday Physics test, go to the Computer lab.
• Wednesday finish English test, enjoy Tom and
  Jerry
• Thursday go shopping, watch live show.
• Friday go to the orphanage, plant trees in the
  school garden.
• Sartuday go to Youth Cultural House.
• Sunday help mom with housework, learn English,
  read comic books.

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Base and strong ADJ

• Normal and strong adjectivesSome adjectives are
  normal or base adjectives (good, bad, dirty,
  pretty etc).Other adjectives are strong
  adjectives (fantastic, awful, filthy, beautiful
  etc). We can only use "absolutely" with a strong
  adjective e.g. "absolutely fantastic." We can
  only use "very" with a base adjective e.g. "very
  good." NB "Very fantastic" or "absolutely good"
  are incorrect. However we can use "really" with a
  base or strong adjective.E.g
• pretty - beautiful (gorgeous)ugly - awfulbig -
  enormenoussmall - tinydirty - filthy

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STRONG ADJECTIVES
disgusting enormous huge

Use the three words above to complete the
following
In order of size, there was a small man, a big
man and an _____ man. They all went to a
restaurant one day for a meal. The small man
enjoyed his food and ate it all. The big man
however said the food was ok but the ____ man,
the biggest man of them all said that the food
was absolutely ______ and that he would never eat
in that restaurant again.
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STRONG ADJECTIVES
What about this one? No clues this time

The boy was talking to the two girls. He said to
the first one, Youre very pretty, but to the
second girl, he just said, Wow! Youre ________
and Id love to go to the movies with you. She
said yes, so later that night, the boy and the
________ girl went to the movies and watched a
Dracula film. When it had finished and they were
walking out, the boy said, That was a good film
but I was quite scared watching it. She looked
at him. Then he asked, What did you think of
it? She said, It was the scariest film Ive
ever seen and I was really ________ near the
end.
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STRONG ADJECTIVES

Some multi choice questions
1)The weather wasnt just cold, it was _______. (
freezing, chilly, cool, mild) 2) Her brother
isnt just big, hes ___________. ( huge,
enormous. wide, high, straight) 3) The party
wasnt just bad, it was _________. ( terrible,
thick, terrific, total)
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STRONG ADJECTIVES

Some more
4) My mothers a good cook, but my aunt, shes a
_____ cook. (great, nice, big, helpful) 5)
The first restaurant was busy, but the second one
was really ______. ( crowded, open, slow,
happy) 6) When I told him the news he was more
than angry, he was _______. ( furious, terrible,
awful, loud)
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STRONG ADJECTIVES
And some more

7) Ten years ago this was a small business and
now its ________. ( huge, terrible, terrifying,
exhausted) 8) Your room is small but mine is
worse, its ______. (tiny, small, large,
low) 9) My hands arent dirty! No, theyre
absolutely __________. ( filthy, muddy, old,
new)
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STRONG ADJECTIVES

Here are some other strong adjectives, what are
the basic adjectives to these?
thrilled brilliant enormous boiling furious exhaus
ted superb starving freezing
excited good big hot angry tired good hungry cold
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THE END

THANK YOU!