The Taiwan/China Split

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The Taiwan/China Split For school 5th
GradersApril yearBy a parentBorn in
China, naturalized US citizen, has many Taiwanese
friends
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Index

1. How did the "split" happen?

2. Why do Taiwanese feel they should be
recognized as their own country?
3. Why does China believe that Taiwan should
remain part of China?

• 4. The pain felt by families as a result

5. What is it like today? How will it be in the
future?
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Some Facts

• PRC - Peoples Republic of China,
  established in 1949, with capital in Beijing.
• Commonly known as China
• One party rule The Communist Party of China

• ROC - Republic of China, established in 1912
• Commonly known as Taiwan
• Democratic political system
• Party currently in office - Nationalist Party
• Major opponent - Democratic Progressive Party

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Map of China
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ROC Official Map

• The ROC continues to claim sovereignty over all
  China, which the ROC defines to include mainland
  China, Taiwan, Outer Mongolia and other areas.

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China Mainland
World War II Comm Party and KMT joined
forces Fight the Japanese together
ROC established, Capital - Nanjing QING Dynasty
toppled,
Surrender of Japan end of WWII
PLA Army Communist Party won Civil War PRC
established
Great QING Dynasty
Communist Party established in China
Chinese Civil War Began
1895
1912
1920
1937-1945
1949
1945
KMT lost Civil War, ROC retreated from Nanjing to
Taipei
Taiwan under 50 years of Japanese Rule
Japan returned Taiwan to the ROC
Qing Dynasty lost the 1st Sino-Japanese War
Taiwan Island
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Important People and Terms
PRC
ROC
1949 Chiang Kai-shek led the Kuomintang (KMT)
party, intellectuals, and business elites to
Taiwan.
1949 (Mao?) and the Peoples Liberation Army
(PLA) won the Civil War.
We just moved to China temporarily. Well move
back and re-establish ourselves as leaders.
We are the sole representative of China,
including Taiwan.
PRC said
ROC said
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Why do Taiwanese feel they should be recognized
as their own country?

• ROC thinks they just moved to Taiwan in 1949
  temporarily, and will eventually go back to take
  over mainland China.
• 1960s and 1970s, Taiwan developed into a
  prosperous, industrialized and developed region
  with a strong and dynamic economy.
• Until 1970, most Western nations and the United
  Nations regarded the ROC as the sole legitimate
  government of China.
• In 1971, ROC lost its seat at the United Nations
  to the PRC. Since then, many nations began
  switching diplomatic recognition of China from
  Taipei to Beijing following in the lead of the
  ROC's one-time major ally, the United States,
  after President Nixon visited PRC for the first
  time.

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Whats the impact on people?

• The 2 million people that left China during and
  after 1949, how many families were split? Some
  never went back to China for 60 years.
• Until the 1970s, the two sides were enemies,
  people who went to the other side were called
  defectors.
• One most famous defector today is the Chief
  Economist of the World Bank, Justin Lin Yifu.
• Mr. Lin was a captain in the Republic Army when
  he defected from Taiwan to China in 1979. In
  China, he got his MBA from Beijing University,
  and went on to get his PhD in Economics from the
  University of Chicago.
• Today, Taiwan still does not allow him to go
  back, even just to pay respect to his dead father.

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PRCs One China Policy

• Since the 1990s, there has a been a gradual shift
  towards referring to the ROC as "Taiwan" due to
  the PRC's One-China policy of diplomatically
  isolating the ROC from the international
  community.
• The Taiwan independence movement on the island
  has raised a political status issue, and the
  party lost its rule.
• The PRC claims Taiwan is one of its provinces
  that must be reunited with the mainland and
  threatens military invasion if Taiwan island
  declares independence.
• The Communist Party is still the ruling party of
  PRC China today, now the 2nd largest economy of
  the world.

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Whats it like today?

• Things are getting better for the people to
  travel and do business between the two sides.
• Today, Taiwanese business people are free to
  enter China and set up factories (under some
  supervision). In fact, there are many Taiwanese
  people living in China. But Chinese people are
  not yet doing much business in Taiwan yet.
• Taiwanese tourists are allowed to visit China.
  Recently, Chinese tourists are also allowed to
  visit Taiwan, but only in groups.
• Direct flights between the two sides were only
  started in 2009. Before that, all flights had to
  go through HK.
• But, the political dispute is still there, and
  military tension is still high.

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What Will It Be Tomorrow?

• Lets hope for a peaceful solution for the people
  of Taiwan and China!
• Many have suffered during all these years. Lets
  hope that they suffer no more!