.NET Overview

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.NET Overview

• BY
• Pinkesh Desai

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What is .NET ??????

• Microsoft .NET is a platform for building,
  running and experiencing the next generation of
  distributed applications. It spans clients,
  servers and services and consists of
• A programming model that enables developers to
  build XML Web services and applications
• A set of XML Web services, such as Microsoft .NET
  My Services (formerly code-named 'Hailstorm'),
  that helps developers deliver a simple and
  integrated user experience
• A set of servers, including Windows 2000, SQL
  Server and BizTalk Server, that integrates,
  runs, operates and manages XML Web services and
  applications

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Abstraction of OS

• Effort to run a program on many different H/W or
  OS
• H/W level achieved through OS
• The problem at Operating System level
• A tough computer problem can be solved by
  addition of a layer of Abstraction
• Microsoft has done the same by layering
  CLRSystem calls Library on top of Operating
  System

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.NET Framework
.NET Framework
Operating System
Operating System
Hardware
Hardware
Hardware
.NET abstracts operating systems, which are
abstracting hardware. This means that we can
write software to target the CLR and that
software can run on any operating system or
platform which implements the CLR.
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.NET Framework

• CLR (Common language Runtime)
• .NET system Class Libraries
• ASP (Web Forms)
• ADO
• C (C Sharp)

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.NET Framework
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CLR

• Heart of the .NET Framework
• Provides an environment in which programs can run
• Support many programming languages in a common
  manner
• .NET applications are compiled to a common
  language known as Microsoft Intermediate
  Language, or "IL".
• The CLR, then, handles compiling the IL to
  machine language
• IL contains methods, properties and fields
  related to the components that are compiled

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Compilation

• Great Flexibility
• Root of many .NET capability
• MSIL Microsoft Intermediate Language
• All languages that work with .NET have compilers
  that generate MSIL rather than machine code
• MSIL and Metadata will be compiled into machine
  code

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Compilation .
Compiler
Code
IL
Metadata
JIT Compiler
Execution
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Compilation Example

• A developer build an application in VB.NET
• Compilation process generates IL code rather than
  binary machine code
• When user actually runs the application, the CLR
  invokes a just-in time (JIT) compiler
• This compiler runs on the users computer to
  compile the IL to machine code

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Metadata

• Provides an exact description of the component
  that were compiled to IL
• COM inability to describe the component
• Data is kept in XML so easily accessible and
  understandable
• Describe components interface and so can be
  created and called by any language
• Eliminates any reliance on the windows registry

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Key design goals of CLR

• Simpler and Faster development
• Automatic Handling of memory Management and
  process communication
• Tool support
• Simple and safer deployment
• Cross Language integration
• Versioning and deployment support

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Simple and Faster development

• Less code more reuse
• Provides rich set of functionality
• Programs in .NET use this functionality and so
  less handwritting

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Memory management and Process communication

• Unnecessary to use malloc to set aside space for
  an array in C.
• Need to just simple declaration statement
• Handles references counting on instantiation
• Automatic garbage collection for collecting
  objects no longer referenced by the application

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Tool support

• Designed to support multiple languages
• Furnishes a rich set of object models that are
  useful to tools like designers, wizards ..
• Third party tools can be easily incorporated
• Cross language integration

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Simple and safer deployment

• Deployment is very easy because
• Applications in .NET are composed of assemblies
  which contains IL and metadata as previously
  stated
• So both code and a complete descriptor of the
  code are in one package and self describing.
• So there is no need to register anything in the
  registry
• Application produced in .NET framework can be
  easily copied and run using XCOPY

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Cross Language Integration

• Enable code written in one language to integrate
  with code written in other language
• Include cross language inheritance, exception
  handling .
• This can be done because there is a need to get
  the reference of other component through
  Metadata and metadata is language independent

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Versioning Services

• CLR supports side by side execution of multiple
  versions of the same component.
• If one program want to use the component with
  particular version that it can get it from the
  metadata information

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Class Libraries
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Class Libraries

• Base classes input/output , string manipulation,
  security management, network communications,
  thread management, text management and other
  functions.
• Data classes support persistent data management
  and include SQL classes for manipulating
  persistent data stores through a standard SQL
  interface.
• XML classes enable XML data manipulation and XML
  searching and translations.

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Class Libraries

• Web Forms include classes that enable you to
  rapidly develop web GUI applications.
• Windows Forms support a set of classes that allow
  you to develop Windows GUI applications
  facilitating drag-and-drop GUI development and
  providing a common, consistent development
  interface across all languages supported by the
  .NET Framework

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Win Forms

• .NET provides a single, unified way to create
  user interfaces outside of a browser environment
  - Win Forms
• Win Forms provide a language-neutral way to
  create forms, add controls, and respond to the
  user's actions
• Win Forms are not based on ActiveX
• They are instances of classes in the .NET system
  class library.

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References

• Introducing .NET by Wrox Press
• Introducing .NET by Microsoft Press by David
  Platter
• http//www.gotdotnet.com
• http//www.msdn.microsoft.com/net
• http//www.asp.net
• Visual Studio.NET
• ttp//www.msdn.microsoft.net/vstudio/nextgen/gets
  tarted.asp
• Tool for java developers
• http//www.msdn.microsoft.com/visualj/

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Thank You.