The Patriots Gain New Hope

1
The Patriots Gain New Hope

• Chapter 6
• Section 4

2
Victory in New Jersey

• Battle of Trenton
• Battle of Princeton

3
Battle of Trenton

• Washington and scraggly soldiers crossed the
  Delaware December 25, 1776
• Attacked December 26, 1776
• Lasted less than 60 minutes
• 900 Hessians captured
• 5 American casualties
• Victory for Patriots

4
Battle of Princeton

• January 2, 1777
• Kept fire burning to throw off British
• Used surprise attack to gain victory over the
  British

5
What significant event happened the same year as
the Battle of Trenton?

• Signing of the Declaration of Independence

6
How many days after the Battle of Trenton did the
Battle of Princeton take place?
Sieta
Seven
7

• Sieben

7
Explain General Washingtons strategy at Trenton
and Princeton

• Washington used the element of surprise to
  achieve both victories by catching the enemy off
  guard.

8
Turning Point

• John Burgoyne
• led effort to take back Fort Ticonderoga
• March the troops south
• General Howe
• troops move north
• Third force move from the east from Lake Ontario
• Join together at Albany, New York

9
Results of efforts

• Burgoyne recaptured Fort Ticonderoga in early
  July
• General Howe decided to attack Philadelphia
  before marching to Albany
• Washington encounters Howe at the Battle of
  Brandywine
• September 11, 1777 Howe wins Patriots suffer
  many losses

10
Battle of Saratoga

• Due to the delay of Howe, Burgoyne and his troops
  are outnumbered.
• Gen. Horatio Gates push back British
• Benedict Arnold force British to retreat
• October 17, 1777 Burgoyne surrenders and his
  entire army is captured.
• Victory is greatest win for American forces
• Marquis de Lafayette arrives to help Patriot
  cause.

11
Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point in
the war for the Patriots?

• The Battle of Saratoga was a major victory over a
  large British force that improved morale and
  helped the United States gain foreign allies.

12
Foreign Allies

• France
• Spain

13
France

• France and Spain secretly aiding the patriots.
• Several delegates, to include Benjamin Franklin,
  sent to France
• After the Battle of Saratoga, the French are
  convinced Patriots could win the war
• May 1778, Continental Congress approved an
  alliance w\France.
• Franklin played a major role

14
Spain

• Bernardo de Gálvez- Spanish Louisiana governor.
• Join war against the British in 1779

15
Winter at Valley Forge

• Harsh climate
• Shortage of food and clothing
• 1/5 of (20 out of 100) soldiers died from disease
  and malnutrition

16
Friedrich von Steuben

• Prussian army officer
• Provided the Patriots with basic military training

17
What challenges did the Continental Army face at
Valley Forge

• The Continental Army faced
• famine
• lack of food
• Little to no pay
• Frigid temperatures

18
The War at Sea

• Navy and Marines created in 1775
• John Paul Jones is given a fleet of 7 ships
  belonging to France
• Named the flagship Bonhomme Richard (Gentleman
  Richard) after Ben Franklins publication Poor
  Richards Almanac
• One of Joness most famous battles was against
  the British warship Serapis on September 23,
  1779.
• Quoted as saying, I have not begun to fight!

19
How did the achievements of John Paul Jones
demonstrate the Patriots naval strategy?

• John Paul Jones naval strategy was to capture
  British merchant ships and avoid battles with the
  British warships which outnumbered the American
  fleet.

20
Works Cited

• Clip Art
• http//www.angelo.edu/faculty/rprestia/1301/images
  /IN457adelaware20leutze201851.jpg
• Call to Freedom Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
  Chicago, 2003