Oleh

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Kesedaran dan Keusahawanan BIOTEKNOLOGI
Dewan Tun Dr Ismail, PWTC
Isu, Cabaran dan Peluang An Overview
Oleh Dr.Azman Firdaus Shafii dafs_at_aldrich.com.my O
PEN SOURCE SYSTEMS SDN BHD www.aldrich.com.my
30 Julai 2002
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Imagine two asteroids directly colliding in
space. There is a lot of energy release, a lot
of bright light, a lot of noise. Pieces of
rocks fly in all directions, in a plethora of
shapes, sizes and momenta. But can we predict
which pieces are going to be dominant, and which
are not?

• DAFS to Somebody

July 2002
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WHAT IS BIOINFORMATICS?
The study of information content and information
flow in biological systems and processes
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EXPONENTIAL DATA GROWTH

• For the first time in the history of
  science or ICT,
• data growth exceeds computer performance growth.

• Biological/Life-Science data doubles every 10-12
  months
• Computer performance doubles every 18 months
  (Moore's Law, co-founder of Intel)

Why?
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KNOWN GENOME SIZES
Typical bp sequence ...CGATCCCAATT......
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NUMBER OF GENES IN DNAs
Human Beings - 30,000 to 40,000 Fruit
Fly - 13,601 Worm - 19,098 The Human
Genome Project is targeting June 2003 for a
complete, correct, end-to-end copy with
an overall accuracy of 99.99
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Now that the genie is out of the bottle, what
do we do?
The idea is to send a thousand
ships, not a catalogue of a thousand
genes Eric Lander, Director Whitehead Institute,
MIT, 2000
So, Enter the Post-Genomics Challenge!
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BIOINFORMATICS
Think content! Think workflow!
LAB AUTOMATION
Samples
Analysis
Measurement
Results
BIOINFORMATICS
Reference
External data
A CONCEPTUAL ROLE OF BIOINFORMATICS
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One Possible Supercomputing Roadmap
Outputs
Post-processing
Pre-processing
Analysis

• HR
• Computers
• ICT infra development tools
• software applications

Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS)

• Data management
• Knowledge management
• Workflow management

• DNA/Reference
• Proteins/Mass Spectroscopy
• Interactions
• Structures
• Screening e.g. HTS

DATABASE
Cluster Computing on Linux and Open Source
Technologies

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• DATA
• Stored fact
• Inactive (they exist)
• Technology-based
• Gathered from various sources

• INFORMATION
• Presented fact
• Active (enabler)
• Business-based
• Transformed from data

Modelling
Data
Information
Knowledge
Analyses
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Global Life Science Value Chain
Industry Sectors
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Global Biosciences Market Forecast, 20012006
The overall market will grow at a 24 CAGR
through 2006 to reach nearly US38B
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Asia/Pacific Biosciences Market Forecast,
20012006
The overall market will grow at a 56 CAGR
through 2006 to reach US3.6B
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DEMAND SIDE

• Cheminformatics
• Characterisation of Combinatorial Libraries
• Optimisation of Combinatorial Libraries

• Gene-based Informatics
• Genome Data Analysis
• Genome Datamining

• SUPPLY SIDE
• Gene Sequencing Data Generation Software
• Object-oriented Framework for Gene Sequencing
  Data Management
• Gene Sequence Analysis Software
• Gene Sequence Data Dissemination Software

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• BEWARE!
• There is a lot of excitement, market talk, hype
  and froth, but there is also substance.
• Some technology bets will fail.
• Sound creative business models will survive, even
  prosper.

• Bioinformatics Health Status Today
• Heterogeneous data types
• Distributed systems
• Few standards
• Unified query lacking
• Volumes, and volumes of data and databases

Conclusion Need clearly architected systems,
yet maintaining flexibility as new data emerges
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BIOINFORMATICS USE LOTS OF DATABASES
Users
Example of a Public Domain Databank available to
government, academia and industry
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THE NEW BIOLOGY INFORMATION-DELIVERY MODEL
Multimedia H/P
PDA
PC
Global WAN Great Global Grid (G.G.G)
Presentation Layer
Visualization Hi-performance Workstation
Laptop
Computational Data Management Computing Layer
Data Biological Financial Chemical
Admin Proteomic Diagnostic Genetic
Treatment Clinical
Server B
Server A
Server C
Information Management Layer
Storage Management
Database Management
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Top 10 Clusters
19th Edition of TOP500 List of Worlds Fastest
Supercomputers
Total Peak Performance (Gflops)
Source clusters_at_top500,2002
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Workhorses behind the analysis
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BioMed GRID Singapore Map
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1. Dr. Hwa A Lim, Genetically
Yours, World Scientific (2002) 2. Dr.
Christopher Hogue, Co-Founder, MDS Proteomics,
Inc.(2002) 3. Bio-IT World Conference EXPO,
Papers Presentations, Suntec Singapore, 29-30
May 2002 Organised by IDG World Expo (Asia) Ltd.
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THANK YOU
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