Put the title of your tribe here

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Hopi
The Word Hopi Means "Peaceful People"
By Ned
2
Homes and Villages

• The Hopis homes are made up of mesa-rock that
  completely merges with the actual mesa.

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Homes and Villages

• The outside of the Hopi house is not regular but
  efficient, for the stone is laid with care and
  stably held by adobe mortar.
• A few Hopi villages were built many centuries
  ago. The stone and mud villages can stand several
  stories high.

4
Food

• The Hopis main food was corn, yet they also grew
  squash, pumpkin, gourds, and all sorts of beans.

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Food

• Corn was so important to the Hopi that some of
  their religious ceremonies revolved around it.
  The Hopi had 24 different types of corn. Corn was
  really important to the Hopi.

6
Food

• When the Spanish arrived, the Hopi learned how
  to grow, and started growing more crops like
  onions, chilies, melons, and planted peach and
  apricot orchards.

7
Clothing

• The Hopi mens outfit consists of a hair band,
  breechcloth, and moccasins. Over time, the men
  started wearing the calico-shirt.
• Some Hopi men wore womens clothing and did the
  work a woman did.

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Clothing

• The Hopi women wore a blue blanket made of cotton
  with an embroidered belt tied around, a calico
  shawl, leggings, and, moccasins.

9
Location and Environment

• The Hopi land is located in northeastern Arizona
  at the southern end of Black Mesa.
• Three steep, flat topped mesas rise sharply above
  the desert floor.

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Location and Environment

• The mesas are named first mesa, second mesa, and
  third mesa.
• Hopi villages, named pueblos, are scattered
  across the three mesas.

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Weapons for Hunting and Fighting

• The Hopi men would hunt for food using bows and
  arrows made out of wood, with stone arrow heads.
  

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Weapons for Hunting and Fighting

• The Hopi men had skill of hunting for rabbits and
  ground squirrels. They hunted rabbits by
  surrounding the rabbits and driving them into the
  middle of the hunters circle. Then they threw
  sticks at them to surprise them. After that, they
  killed them.

13
Customs, Beliefs, and Religion

• The religious life of the Hopis revolve around
  kachinas. A kachina is a powerful ancestor
  spirit. The Hopis would call for them if they
  needed rain, if they were sick, or to make their
  crops grow.

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Customs, Beliefs, and Religion
Kachina Doll

• Kachina dancers paint their bodies and wear masks
  for religious ceremonies.

15
Roles of Men, Women, Children

• The men and boys worked in the fields, gathering
  beans and corn.
• The men cared for the livestock, collected wood,
  and wove wool and cotton into cloth.

16
Roles of Men, Women, Children

• The Hopi women saved the seeds for next years
  planting. The women prepared food and stored it
  in baskets and pots after the men harvested it.

17
Roles of Men, Women, Children

• Women and girls spent most of their time
  preparing corn for meals. They also spent many
  hours a day grinding corn into meal.

18
Leadership and Government

• Similar to the Pueblos, each village dealt with
  its situations through spiritual leaders. There
  was not a single leader for every one of the Hopi
  villages.

19
Leadership and Government

• In the Hopi villages, men were leaders of secret
  societies. The members would meet in the groups
  kiva, which is an underground rectangle-shaped
  room. The kiva is sacred. On particular days of
  the year, the kiva would be used for ceremonies.

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Arts and Crafts

• The arts and crafts made by the Hopi are divided
  well between the women and men.

21
Arts and Crafts

• The Hopi men made moccasins and other leather
  articles. They wove textiles and did the
  embroidery. The men were the silversmiths, and
  they made the ubiquitously known Kachina dolls.

22
Interactions with Europeans

• The first white men to see the Hopi land were
  Spanish soldiers with a lieutenant of Francisco
  Vasquez De Coronado named Don Pedro De Tovar.

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Interactions with Europeans

• Later on, Coronado sent Garcia Lopez De Cardenaz
  to the Hopi. The Hopi led him to the Grand
  Canyon.
• Different explorers followed. The Hopi, fearing
  punishment, usually sent them with promises of
  riches farther away.

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Bibliography

• James, Harry C., The Hopi
• Indians. Caldwell, Idaho
• The Caxton Printers Ltd.,
• 1956.

25
Bibliography

• Tomechek, Ann Henrichs.
• The Hopi. Chicago Children's
• Press, 1992.

26
Bibliography

• Hawk Sneve, Virginia Driving.
• The Hopis. New York
• Holiday House, 1995.

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Bibliography

• Sears, Brian P. The Hopi Indians.
• Mexico Chelsea House
• Publishers, 1994.

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Bibliography

• Grant, Bruce. American Indians Yesterday And
  Today.
• New York E.P. Dutton Co., Inc., 1967.

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THE END!