Apollo

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Apollo
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Paean (healing) Hymn

• Paiawon - Minoan God
• Reshep - Near Eastern God (Revenge)

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Apollo

• Healing and Purification
• Prophecy
• Music
• Revenge/Punishment
• Initiation of Youth into Society

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• Hail to you, blessed Leto, since splendid
  children you bore, Lord Apollo and archeress
  Artemis-her at Ortygia, him On Delos rocky isle,
  where against a tall mountain you leaned, The
  mound of Kynthos, hard by the palm at Inopos
  streams.
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pg.23

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• From there Delos you started out And over
  all mortals hold sway. As many folk as Crete
  Contains within her, and Athens country Aigina
  isle, And, famed for its ships, Euboia Aigai,
  Eiresia too, And near to the sea, Peparethos
  Athos the Thracian height, And the topmost peaks
  of Pelion Samos the Thracian isle, And the
  shadowy mountains of Ida Skyros, Phokaia too,
  The precipitous mount of Autokane Imbros the
  firm-founded isle, And mist-enshroued Lemnos.
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pp.23-24

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• Now let the Earth know this, and also broad
  Heaven above, And the down-dripping water of
  Styx, which is the blessed gods greatest and
  most dread oath here Phoibos will always have
  His fragrant altar and precint, and will honour
  you Delos above all.
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pp.25-6

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• You (Apollo) delight in Delos the most, where
  Ionians trailing their robes, With children and
  wives who are worthy of reverence, gather for
  you. And they remember and please you with
  boxing, dancing and song, Whenever they hold
  their assembly. Someone then meeting them when
  The Ionians throng together would say they always
  exist Free of death and age for he would see the
  grace That all possess
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pg.28

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• The young Delian women, handmaids of him who
  shoots from afar. When they hymn first Apollo,
  and Leto with archeress Artemis next, They
  remember and sing a hymn of the men and women of
  old, And charm the tribes of humans. They know
  how to mimic the speech And the babble that all
  humans utter each man would say he himself Was
  making the sound, their beautiful singing matches
  so.
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pg.28.

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Delos
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• The Homeric Hymns
• 1. Dionysus - approx. 400 lines
• 2. Demeter - 495 lines
• 3. Apollo - 546 lines
• 4. Hermes - 568 lines
• 5. Aphrodite - 293 lines
• 6. Aphrodite - 21 lines
• 7. Dionysus - 59 lines
• 8. Ares - 17 lines
• 9. Artemis - 9 lines
• 10. Aphrodite - 6 lines
• 11. Athena - 5 lines
• 12. Hera - 5 lines
• 13. Demeter - 3 lines
• 14. Mother of the Gods - 6 lines
• 15. Herakles - 9 lines
• 16. Asklepios 5 lines

17. Dioscuri - 5 lines 18. Hermes - 12 lines 19.
Pan - 49 lines 20. Hephaiston - 8 lines 21.
Apollo - 5 lines 22. Poseidon - 7 lines 23. Zeus
- 4 lines 24. Hestia - 5 lines 25. Muses and
Apollo - 7 lines 26. Dionysus - 13 lines 27.
Artemis - 22 lines 28. Athena - 18 lines 29.
Hestia - 14 lines 30. The Mother of All - 19
lines 31. Helios - 19 lines 32. Selene - 20
lines 33. Dioscuri - 19 lines
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• Hereafter remember me, When of earthy humans some
  strange suffering trials comes here And inquires
  Young women, what man do you think is the
  sweetest of bards That often passes this way, and
  in whom do you most delight? Let you all give
  fine answer of me A blind man he is, and dwells
  on rugged Khios all of his songs are hereafter
  supreme. And I shall bring your fame as far as I
  wander on earth, To cities of fine habitation
  where humans have their homes, And they will
  believe my report, since it will indeed be the
  truth.
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pp.28-29

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Musical ContestsApollo and Marsyas

• Why are you stripping me of my very self?
  cried the Satyr. Oh, I am mortified! What a
  great price I am paying for this flute! And as
  he cries, the skin is stripped from his body
  until hes all entirely one wound blood runs out
  everywhere, and his uncovered sinews lie utterly
  exposed to view his pulsing veins were
  flickering, and you could number all his writhing
  viscera and the gleaming organs underneath his
  sternum.
• Ovid, Martin p.205, Melville p.133
• ML, pp.255-6.

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Apollo and Pan

• Pan was boasting to the gentle nymphs of his
  skill at fingering the pipes and playing melodies
  on waxen reeds, he dared speak poorly of Apollos
  gift compared with his own- a boast which brought
  about the uneven contest which Timolus judged.
  Pan made a noise on his outlandish reeds, and
  that barbaric song charmed Midas (who just
  happened to be present for the singing) when Pan
  had finished, Mount Timolus turned his face to
  Phoebus-and his forest followed. Apollos golden
  locks were crowned with laurel from Mount
  Parnassus, and his mantle, trimmed with Tyrian
  purple, swept along the ground in his left hand,
  the god held up his lyre, inlaid with precious
  gems and ivory, and in his other hand he held the
  plectrum an artist, in his bearing and his
  manner. And when his skillful thumb aroused the
  strings, the judge, so taken by that sweetness,
  ruled that Pans reeds must be humbled by the
  lyre.
• Ovid, Martin pp.375-7, Melville pp.252-255
• ML, pp.256-8

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• I plan to set up a beautiful shrine As an oracle
  sought by humans. Whether theyre fok who live on
  fertile Peloponnesos, or in europa swell And on
  isles tht waters flow round, theyll always bring
  to me here their perfect hundredfold offerings,
  hoping to hear my response. Ill give all
  unerring counsel, responding within my rich
  shrine.
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pg.31

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• But there was near by a fair-flowing spring, and
  here the Snake was slain by the lord son of Zeus
  with a shot from his mighty bow, well-fattened
  and huge though she was, a savage monster, who
  caused much harm to human on earth-much harm to
  humans themselves, and much to their
  slender-legged flocks, since she was a
  blood-spattered bane. From Hera whose throne is
  golden she once had taken and reared the dread
  and fierce Typhaon, a bane to mortal men. Hera
  had given him birth in anger at Father Zeus
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pg. 33

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• Typhaon/Typhoeus
• Child of Gaia and Tartarus in Hesiod Theogony
  820-80
• Child of Hera in this version
• And give me a son without Zeus wholl be no
  less strong than he - So much mighter let him be
  as than Kronos was far-seeing Zeus

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• Lord Apollo who works from afar let fly at her
  his mighty shaft, and she, being racked with
  cruel pains, was lying, loudly gasping, writhing
  upon the ground. An unearthly clamour arose
  beyond words, as she twisted now here, now there
  through the wood, and expiring departed her
  bloody life.
• Homeric Hymn to Apollo, pg.35

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Daphne and Apollo

• Ovid, pp.33-8
• ML, pp.248-52

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• Loving her still, the god puts his right hand
  against the trunk, and even now can feel her
  heart as it beats under the new bark he hugs her
  limbs as if they were still human, and then he
  puts his lips against the wood, which, even now,
  is adverse to his kiss. Although you cannot be
  my bride, he says, you will assuredly be my own
  tree, O Laurel, and will always find yourself
  girding my locks, my lyre, and my quiver too.
• Ovid, pp.37-8

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Apollo and CoronisHealing

• When Apollo heard the accusation brought against
  his lover, the laurel resting on his brow slipped
  down in not as much time as it takes to tell,
  his face, his lyre, his high color fell! Swelling
  with rage, he seized his customary weapon and
  bent it toward him from the tips then his
  inexorable arrow flew into that breast so often
  pressed to his. Coronis groaned, and when the
  arrowhead was drawn out, her white limbs were
  drenched in gore.
• Ovid, Martin pg.76, Melville pp.40-43
• ML, pp.253-4

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• Now he is sorry for his cruel punishment,
  belatedly, and hates himself for what he listened
  to, and for his furious response to it he hates
  the bird who forced him into this.. he strokes
  the fallen girl, too late, and tries to overcome
  her fate too late again, for his attempt to
  bring her back to life through the arts of
  medicine are naught. (she is placed in a
  pyre). But Phoebus could not bear for his own
  seed to perish in those flames and so he ripped
  the unborn child out of its mothers womb and
  brought it to the centaur Chirons cave.

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DELPHI
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