Patrimonial Values

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Patrimonial Values From the Collection of
Natural Sciences section of Maramures Museum
Muzeograf Beres Iosif Muzeograf Chis Vasile
Timur Conservator Mihail-Gerald Manole Muzeul
Maramuresan Piata Libertatii nr.
15 Sighetu-Marmatiei 435500 Maramures
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History

• In 1899 a museum was built in Sighetu Marmatiei,
  financed, at that time by the state, including
  also a section for Natural Sciences. The first
  catalogue of that museum includes the inventory
  of the collections. It was published in 1905.
  During the First War, this museum was abolished
  a lot of specimens are destroyed by disappearing
  or being taken into schools in town. Only two
  specimens remain to this day in this museum a
  mammoth molar and a naturalized black goat.
• In 1968 museographer Beres Iosif sets up the
  actual section of Natural Sciences within the
  Museum of Maramures.
• The collections contain specimens from the
  Depression of Maramures and they include the
  domains botanic, vertebrates, fungi
  (macromycetes), minerals-rocks-fossils.

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The botanic collection

• It is composed of the herbarium of Artur Coman,
  and it was bought on the 3rd of December 1968
  with 16514 inventory numbers.
• Artur Coman was born on the 15th of April 1881 in
  Borsa, Maramures.
• In 1907 he graduated from the Royal Academy of
  Forestry and Mines of Schemnitz.
• Between the years 1907-1972 he studies the flora
  of Maramures, he collects and herbalizes over
  20000 superior plants and describes new taxa for
  science.
• The collection includes the following herbariums
• The general Herbarium of the for a of Maramures-
  over 12000 sheets with 1514 species from 112
  families of spontaneous and cultivated flora
• The Flora of the Pietrosu Mare (Great Pietrosul)
• Ligneous species from Schemnitz
• Flora Exsicata
• Biofits-226 specimens collected by A. Coman and
  determined by A. Boros E.Plamadeala
• Species from Banat-372 sheets, species collected
  by I. Goga, determined by A. Coman.

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Denominated, rare species from the botanical
collection made by A. Coman

• Dianthus carthusianorum L. ssp. Floare
  Andercoiani Coman (after the name of the authors
  mother
• Lychnis nivalis Kit
• Narcissus angustifolius Curt.
• Viola epipsila Ledeb
• Ligularia sibirica (L) Cass
• Cochlearia borzaeana (Coman E. I. Nyárády)
  Pobedimova

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Vertebrates Collection

• It counts 1300 inventory numbers collected in
  Maramures Depression. The base of the collection
  were made by the one who set up the Natural
  Science section, museographer Beres Iosif, who,
  for 40 years, collected and naturalized over 1200
  specimens. This systematic collection of
  vertebrates provides information about the
  spreading and the abundance of the families in
  the area.
• From the species within the museum's collection
  we are mentioning
• The Cyclostoma class represented in the museum's
  collection by Eudontomyzon danfordi Regan
  species, an endemic species of the Danube basin.

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• The Osteichthyes class- the Natural Science
  section holds 25 taxa of this class, from which
  souffia (Leuciscus souffia agassizi) an endemic
  specie, discovered by Banarescu in the Sapanta
  River and the huchen (Hucho hucho), an endemic
  specie from the Danube basin The amphibian
  class- in the museum collection there are 13
  species, from which the Carpathian newt (Triturus
  montandoni Boulenger, 1880)
• The Reptilian class represented by 8 species
  including the common European adder (Vipera berus
  L. form prester)

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• The aves class very well represented in the
  museum collections, with over 650 specimens and
  cinch, nests and skeleton parts. Some specimens
  were mentioned in previous taxonomic papers, like
  Ural owl (Strix uralensis Pall. 1771), hazel
  grouse (Tetrastes bonasia C. L. Brehm 1804),
  Spotted Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes L.)
  and also the biggest collection of eastern
  spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes
  macrorhynchos C. C. Brehm 1832) in Romania.
  Besides these species in the museum, some unique
  specimens can be found Black-throated Diver
  (Gavia arctica arctica L. 1758), Snow Bunting
  (Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis L. 1758), the
  albino form of the species Eurasian Jay
  (Garrulus glandarius L.), European Magpie (Pica
  pica L.) and House Sparrow (Passer domesticus
  L.). Accidental species Greater Spotted Eagle
  (Aquila clanga flavescens) Gray. Indian subspecie
  (the only one in România) and Aquila orientalis.

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• The Mamalia class is represented in the museum's
  collection by the following orders Insectivora,
  Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, Rodentia, Artiodactyla,
  Carnivora which contain naturalized specimens,
  furs, skulls and skeleton parts. In this
  collection we can find the largest number of
  wolves's skulls (Canis lupus) in Romania and
  holds 27 skulls of which 6 have 40 CIC points,
  equal to the golden medal.
• The bear (Ursus Arctos) is present in a
  collection of 13 skulls from which a specimen has
  63 CIC points, equal to the golden medal.

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The Fungi Collection (macromycetes)

• The collection holds 1347 inventory numbers
  collected in the Maramures Depression. The
  collection was set up by Beres Marta and contains
  384 taxa and 3 varieties.
• This systematic collection of macromycetes made
  between 1972-1994, supplies information about the
  spreading of the species in the area, containing
  in its inventory 11 new species for Romania and
  rare species in Europe Pluteus varia bilicolor,
  Pulveroboletus lignicola, Xerocomus paraziticus,
  Hygrocybe calyptaeformis, Anthurus archerii.

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The mineral-rocks- fossils collection

• Is made of acquisitions and collections on the
  field and contains 1040 specimens from Maramures.
  From the minerals remarcable is the Maramures
  Diamond.
• The fossils are represented by a mousses horn
  (Alces aces), a whalebone, a fosilized fish, also
  limestones with conchs and nummulites, gritstone
  with plants and animals marks.

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• From our point of view, the importance of the
  collections presented in the Natural Science
  sections inventory, is amplified by the fact
  that behind this special collections are at least
  3 lives dedicated to one idea of outlining an
  clear image of the natural inventory of a area so
  rich, of offering clear phenological facts,
  qualitative and quantitative facts of the species
  of the Maramures Depresion. The scientific
  results of these museum collections were and are
  used to elaborate certain monumental works The
  Flora of Maramures, the Vertebrate Fauna of
  Maramures, as well as for specialized
  magazine-published works.