Nationalism and Sectionalism in the Economy and Society

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Nationalism and Sectionalism in the Economy and
Society
Objective 2.03
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Technological Advances

• Caused more sectionalism b/c it helped to bring
  on the 1st Industrial Revolution
• Samuel Morse perfected the telegraph in 1832 by
  developing the Morse code
• Eli Whitney popularized interchangeable parts

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Technological Advances for the South and West

• John Deere developed a plow in 1837 that cut
  cleanly allowing for labor time in fields to be
  lowered
• Cyrus McCormick patented a mechanical reaper in
  1834, allowing more harvesting of grain with less
  effort

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Advances in Water Transportation

• Robert Fulton stunned the nation when the
  Clermont, a steamboat, traveled up the Hudson
  River from NYC to Albany in 32 hours
• Success of steamboat brought many canals, the
  Erie Canal was completed in 1825.

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Advances on Land

• Roads and turnpikes were being built as early as
  1811
• Railroads appear in the early 1800s. They helped
  to
• Transport settlers west
• Expand trade between the nations different regions

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Cotton Kingdom

• South was still relying on the Plantation System
• Cotton gin allowed the South to produce cotton
  much faster and keep up with the industrial
  markets in North and Europe

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Cotton Kingdom cont.

• Slave women worked along w/ men in fields,
  maintained homes, and raised families
• By age of 8, slave children were expected to work

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Industrial North

• Produced textiles at an extremely fast rate with
  the factory system.
• Growing numbers of immigrants to North provided
  for cheap labor.
• Women and children worked in factories.

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Industrial North cont.

• Many who were farmers in the North fled to cities
  to work in industry
• Middle and upper class that lived in cities now
  migrated to outskirts
• Middle and upper class men supported families
  while women ran the households and raised the
  children

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Industrial North cont.

• Although most African Americans in North were
  free, they were not given same rights
• They were usually segregated and not allowed to
  vote
• Riots over jobs often occurred between African
  Americans and poor whites

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Nativism

• The hostility towards foreigners by those already
  in an area
• Catholics were targeted against the most
• Groups were formed to push for laws banning
  immigrants and Catholics from holding office

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American Party

• July 1854-Nativists formed the American Party
• Membership was secret and when a member was asked
  about the party his response would be I know
  nothing
• Party was nicknamed the Know-Nothings