The five kingdoms of organisms

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The five kingdoms of organisms

• Prokaryotes
• Protoctists
• Fungi
• Plants
• animals

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Prokaryotes

• Prokaryotes include bacteria and blue-greeb algae
  (also known as cyanobacteria)
• They are very tiny and can only be seen with the
  high power of a light microscope.

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Prokaryotes characteristics

• They consist of a single cell but do not have any
  true nucleus ,mitochondia or chloroplasts.
• They exist in air,water,soil or inside other
  organisms.

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Example

• Some of them cause diseases.
• E.G.Cholera , meningitis and tetanus .
• bacteria?

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Protoctist

• Protoctists are usually tiny and can be seen with
  the low powder of a light microscope.
• Protoctist?

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Protoctists characteristics

• Most of them consist of a single cell with a true
  nucleus but some are multicellular.
• Some are plant-like and some are animal-like.

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Example

• Examples include Amoeba , Paramecium ,
  trypanosoma ,algae , slime moulds.
• Amoeca?

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Fungi

• Characteristics
• Fungi are made up of a single cell or thread-like
  structures called hyphae, which may be interwoven
  to form mushroom-like structures.
• Like plants, they have cell wall and do not move
  . But unlike plants , they have no chlorophyll to
  make their own food and do not have any roots ,
  stems or leaves
• They are usually saprophytic or parastic and
  live on soil or inside other organisms,
  especially plants.

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Examples

• Examples include bread mould , Penicillium, yeast
  and mushtoom.
• YEAST?

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Classification of Animals

• Vertebrates
• Invertebrates

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Vertebrates

• Vertebrates are animals with a backbone.
• The backbone is a long hard structure running
  along the back of these animals and is made up of
  many small bones called vertebre.It is also
  called a vertebral column.

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Vertebrates features

• Some of them---
• fish
• They bodies are covered by slimy scales.
• They have fins for balance and movement.
• They bodies are streamlined to aid movement.
• They breathe with gills.

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features

• Amphibians
• They have wet , slimy skins but no scales.
• They have four limbs when they are adult.

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features

• Reptiles
• They have skin covered by hard , dry
  scales.
• They breathe with lungs.

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features

• Birds
• They have feathers on their bodies and dry
  scales on their legs.
• Most can fly with wings but some cannot.
• They breathe with lungs.

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Invertebrates

• Invertebrates are animals without any backbone.
  Most of them are small. The following are some
  examples of invertebrates.

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Examples

• jellyfish it lives in the sea.
• Freshwater flatworm It lives in ponds and
  streams.
• Earthworm It has a tube-like body with
  segments.

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Classification of plants

• Flowering plants
• Non-flowering plants

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Flowering plants

• Flowering plants are divded into momocotyledonous
  plants and dicotyledonous plants , usually
  abbreviated to monocots or monocotyledons , and
  dicots or dicotyledons respectively.

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Monocotyledonous plants

• They have only one seed leaf in the seeds.
• Their leaves usually have parallel veins.
• They are mostly herbs.

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Dicotyledonous plants

• They have two seed leaves in the seeds.
• Their leaves habe a network of veins.
• They can be trees, shrubs and herbs.

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Non-flowering plants

• Non-floweringplants are divded into
• mosses, ferns and gymnosperms.

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mosses

• They are small plants with simple stems and
  leaves , but no roots.
• They have chorolhyll but no vascular tissue.

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Ferns

• They are small plants with true roots , stems
  and leaves.
• They have large leaves called fronds . The
  leaflets on either sides are called the pinnae.

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gymnosperms

• They are large plants with roots , stems, leaves
  and vascular tissue.
• Most of them have needle-shaped leaves.