Colonial America

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Colonial America

• Objective 1.01

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Why did these new people come to America?
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Reasons for coming to America

• Money
• Joint-stock company
• Jamestown (1st successful English Settlement)
• Religious Dissent
• Puritans (Pilgrims) (Mass.)
• Quakers (Penn.)
• Catholics (Maryland)
• Punishment

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1st Attempts

• Roanoke Island, NC (1587)
• Lost Colony
• Jamestown, VA (1607)
• 1st successful settlement
• Plymouth, MA (1620)

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Regional Divisions Among the Colonies
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New England Colonies

• Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania,
  Delaware
• (Does not mean Patriots Fans)

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Middle Colonies

• New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware

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Southern Colonies

• Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South
  Carolina, and Georgia

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Colony Establishments

• Royal colonies Governed directly by the king
  through a royal governor.
• Proprietary colonies Founded by individuals or
  groups in which king granted them land ownership.
  (N.C.)
• Charter colonies King granted charter for
  people/groups to establish colony and essentially
  rule themselves.
• Joint-stock colonies Company owned by a group
  of investors. Made money off of raw goods colony
  may provide.

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Economy

• New England
• Shipbuilding
• Fishing
• Middle
• Some Agriculture (wheat, barley, rye, etc)
• Commerce (Transportation, Trading)
• Southern
• Agriculture (Tobacco, staple crops)
• John Rolfe

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Southern Colonies

• Agriculture led to plantation systems where huge
  farms produced crops with the help of indentured
  servants and later slaves.
• Indentured servants worked in order to pay off
  transportation debt.
• Slaves were owned like property.
• Most arrived via the Middle Passage of the
  triangular trade route. (England, Africa, and
  Americas)

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Sugar, tobacco, cotton to Europe
Textile , rum, and manufactured goods.
Slaves to America
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Water Travel

• Most of growth was along Atlantic Ocean
• Big Cities in north
• Port cities in South
• Late 1600s idea of mercantilism came about
  where a country would try to export more than it
  imported in order to grow.

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Colonial Society

• Large difference among classes (rich poor)
• North Merchants and Farmers
• South Plantation owners and indentured servants
  and slaves
• Nathaniel Bacon led a rebellion against Jamestown
  to demand more representation for common man
• Bacons Rebellion failed but had lasting effects.

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Colonial Women

• Considered second class
• More freedom than in England but still could not
  vote or attend school.
• Under husbands control.

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Colonial Government

• Colonies still under British rule so Britain
  adopted a policy of salutary neglect.
• Basically let colonies rule themselves but with
  leaders selected by British royalty.

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Ethnic and Religious Diversity

• Many colonies did not accept diversity.
• In Massachusetts, one had to attend Puritan
  church or be banished from the colony.
• This led to Salem Witch Trials where many young
  women were claimed to have been possessed by the
  devil and were executed for simply be accused.

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Ethnic and Religious Diversity

• Religious tolerance was practiced in other
  colonies however.
• Roger Williams had been banished from Mass. And
  founded Providence, Rhode Island where religious
  freedom took place.
• Also in most of other Middle New England
  colonies.
• African-Americans were mostly slaves and thus had
  no freedom and Native Americans were continually
  pushed off of land they had lived on for hundreds
  of years.