Stelesnen porozumenie

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Stelesnené porozumenie

• Neoddelitelnost syntaxe a sémantiky

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What does language do?
A sentence can evoke an imagined scene and
resulting inferences

• Harry walked to the cafe.

• Harry walked into the cafe.

• Goal of action at cafe
• Source away from cafe
• cafe point-like location

• Goal of action inside cafe
• Source outside cafe
• cafe containing location

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Embodied inferences

• The scientist walked into the wall.

The hobo drifted into the house.
The smoke drifted into the house.
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Geometricko-topologická reprezentácia

• Konceptuálne priestory

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Konceptuálne priestory Gärdenfors

• geometrický model, priestor s dimenziami
• jednotlivé dimenzie zodpovedajú atribútom
  objektov (3D poloha, velkost, ...)
• reprezentácia objektu bod (parciálny vektor) v
  konceptuálnom priestore

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Konceptuálne priestory pokrac.

• vzdialenost bodov vyjadruje podobnost objektov
  (nepriamo úmerne)
• koncept (konvexná) oblast v priestore
• prototypové efekty
• prototyp centrum (taisko) intancií
• kategorizácia objektu nájdenie najbliieho
  prototypu

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Konceptuálne priestory kategorizácia
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Obrazové (predstavové schémy)
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Boundary Schema
Roles Boundary Region A Region B
Region A
Region B
Boundary
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Bounded Region

• Roles
• Boundary closed
• Bounded Region
• Background region

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Topological Relations

• Separation

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Topological Relations

• Separation
• Contact

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Topological Relations

• Separation
• Contact
• Coincidence

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Topological Relations

• Separation
• Contact
• Coincidence
• - Overlap

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Topological Relations

• Separation
• Contact
• Coincidence
• Overlap
• Inclusion

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Topological Relations

• Separation
• Contact
• Coincidence
• Overlap
• Inclusion
• Encircle/surround

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Orientation

• Vertical axis -- up/down

up
above
upright
below
down
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Orientation

• Horizontal plane Two axes

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Container Schema

• Roles
• Interior bounded region
• Exterior
• Boundary

C
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Metaforické zobrazenia
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Affection is Warmth

• Subjective Judgment Affection
• Sensory-Motor Domain Temperature
• Example They greeted me warmly.
• Primary Experience Feeling warm while being held
  affectionately.

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Important is Big

• Subjective Judgment Importance
• Sensory-Motor Domain Size
• Example Tomorrow is a big day.
• Primary experience As a child, important things
  in your environment are often big, e.g., parents,
  but also large things that exert a force on you

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Categories are Containers

• Subjective Judgment Perception of Kinds
• Sensory-Motor Domain Space
• Example Are tomatoes in the fruit or vegetable
  category?
• Primary Experience Things that go together tend
  to be in the same bounded region

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Knowing is Seeing

• Subjective Judgment Knowledge
• Sensory-Motor Domain Vision
• Example I see what you mean.
• Primary Experience Getting information through
  vision

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Time is Motion

• Subjective Judgment The passage of time
• Sensory-Motor Domain Motion
• Example Time flies.
• Primary Experience Experiencing the passage of
  time as one moves or observes motion