The Earliest Americans

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The Earliest Americans

• EQ How did people come to populate all the
  varied regions of the Americas?

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Key Vocabulary

• Migration A __________ of people or animals from
  one region to another.
• Hunter-gathers People who hunted _________ and
  gathered ________ for food.
• Culture A groups set of common values and
  traditions, including ___________, ___________,
  and the ______________.
• Indigenous _____________ to the land.

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Where did Native Americans Come From?

• Many ideas and theories but the most common is .
  . .
• ____________ crossed the ______________ from Asia
  to present-day Alaska
• Paleo-Indians and their descendants moved into
  present-day Canada, the United States,
  ______________, and ________________.

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Early Native Americans

• Early peoples in the Americas were
  _________________, who hunted animals and
  gathered wild plants.
• Different ______________ influenced the
  development of Native American societies groups
  that share a common culture.

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Early Mesoamerican Civilization

• Mesoamerican-
• Meso means __________, the region that stretches
  from central _________ to present day
  _____________.

• Developed around 1200 BC in Mesoamerica
• Known for use of stone in architecture and built
  the first pyramids in the Americas
• Civilization ended around 400 BC

_______

• Developed after the Olmec
• By AD 200, were building large cities
• Created great pyramids, temples, palaces, and
  bridges
• Civilization ended around AD 900

_______
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Aztec and Inca

• Conquered central ___________
• Founded capital city, ___________, in AD 1325 it
  became the greatest city in the Americas and one
  of the worlds __________ cities.
• By the early 1500s they ruled the most powerful
  state in Mesoamerica.

Aztec

• Began as a small tribe in the __________
  Mountains in South America
• Capital city was _________.
• By the 1500s, the empire stretched along much of
  the western South American coast.
• Known for a strong ________________, their
  _________________, and their _________

Inca
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Native American Culture

• EQ What Cultural regions can be found in North
  America?

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Key Vocabulary

• Pueblos Aboveground houses made of a heavy
  __________ called _________.
• Matrilineal People trace their ancestry through
  their __________, not their ___________.
• Slash and Burn A method in which trees and brush
  are _____________ to clear land for fields and
  villages.
• Artifact An __________ that gives clues to the
  culture from which it comes.

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The Anasazi

• An early farm culture in the _________.
• Grew _______, beans, and __________
• Developed __________ methods
• Lived in __________, aboveground houses made of
  heavy clay called adobe
• Built ____________, underground _____________,
  for religious ceremonies

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Mound Building Cultures

• Lived in _____________, ________, and lower
  _______________ river valleys
• Supported population with agriculture and trade
• Built large burial mounds to honor the dead

Hopewell

• Built hundreds of mounds topped with __________
  for _____________ ceremonies

Mississippian

• Developed throughout ____________ North America
• Cultures declined and by the 1700s, no longer
  existed

Others
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North and Northwest Culture Areas

• _______
• Inuit people in present-day _________ and
  ____________
• _______ and hunted large mammals

• _________
• Dorgrib and Montagnais peoples
• Hunters followed migrating __________.
• People lived in ________________________ made of
  animal skins.

• __________
• Carved images of _______, ancestor or animal
  spirits, on tall, wooden poles
• Held feasts called __________
• Thrived on abundant game animals, fish, and wild
  plants

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West and Southwest Culture Areas

• _____________
• Many food sources, such as acorns, fish, and deer
• People lived in isolated family groups of 50 to
  300.
• More than _______ different languages were
  spoken.
• Groups included the ________, ________, and
  _________ peoples.

• ______________
• Dry climate
• Groups included the _________, ________, and
  _________.
• The _________ irrigated land to grow crops.
• The _________ and _______ hunted game and raided
  the villages of other groups.

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Great Plains and Eastern Culture Areas

• ________________
• Stretched from Canada to Texas and from the
  Mississippi Valley to the Rocky Mountains
• Mainly grasslands, with game such as buffalo
• Used buffalo skins for shields, clothing, and
  coverings for ___________, cone-shaped shelters
• _____________ societies that traced ancestry
  through their mothers, not their fathers
• Groups included the ______, ________, Arapaho,
  Blackfoot, and Comanche.

• _____________________
• Region rich in sources of food and shelter
• Southeastern groups, such as the Cherokee and
  Creek, lived in farming villages.
• The ___________ and ________ were the main groups
  in the Northeast.
• The Iroquois formed the _______________, a
  confederation that waged war against non-Iroquois
  peoples.

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Native American Beliefs

• Shared religious beliefs
• Religion linked to ___________
• Spiritual forces were ____________ even in
  _________ and ______________.
• Shared beliefs about __________
• Individual ownership applied only to the
  ___________ one grew.
• Land was for the use of ______________ in the
  village.
• Believed they should ____________ the land for
  future generations
• Despite shared beliefs, Native Americans on the
  North American continent were independent culture
  groups and did not form large empires.

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North Carolina Native Americans

• ____________ lived in our area and a small
  eastern area. They include the Cherokee, the
  Tuscarora, and the Kanuga
• ________ of the Piedmont. Catawba, etc.
• _____________ of the Outer Banks and the first
  that would come into contact with Europeans the
  Hatteras, the Roanoke, etc.