Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata

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Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum Chordata

• Subphylum Vertebrata
• Class Mammalia

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Characteristics of Mammals

• Smallest group of vertebrates
• Great variety
• elephants
• whales
• bats
• squirrels
• deer
• moles

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Hair of Mammals

• All mammals have hair
• Hair - collection of nonliving cells filled w/
  keratin
• 2 types -
• underhair
• guardhair

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Functions of Hair

• Insulation - beaver
• Camouflage - weasel
• Sensory - whiskers, standing fur
• Defense - porcupine

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Limbs of Mammals

• Usually have two pairs - locomotion
• Variety
• Bats
• Mole
• Whale
• Kangaroo
• Cheetah
• Lion
• Gorilla

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Digestion of Mammals

• What they eat
• grass, leaves, fruit, seeds, bark, tree sap,
  microscopic organisms, honey, insects, snails,
  vertebrates
• Teeth - variety
• incisors
• canines
• molars

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Teeth cont...

• Carnivores - enlarge canine
• Herbivores - incisors and large molars
• Omnivorous - each type

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Digestive Organs

• Ruminants
• rumen - special section of multi-chambered
  stomach
• needed for digesting cellulose
• bacteria digest
• cud

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Other herbivores

• Have a long intestine
• Cecum
• Carnivores
• shorter tract

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Respiration

• Organs pair of lungs
• Diaphragm
• Larynx (voice box)

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Circulation

• Heart 4 chambers
• Maintain constant body temp. polar bear, dog,
  African elephant, hibernation, dormancy

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Response

• Cerebrum center of intellect instinct
  memory
• Senses
• Sensitivity may differ
• Bats
• bloodhounds

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Reproduction

• 3 Types
• Placental
• Marsupials
• Monotremes

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Placental Mammals

• Uterus chamber where young develop
• Estrus (heat) ova ready to be fertilized
• Internal fertilization

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• Umbilical cord
• Gestation period of pregnancy
• Longer more developed
• Parental care continues after birth

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Marsupials The pouched Mammals

• Kangaroos, koalas, Tasmanian devil, opossums
• Young develop in marsupium

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Monotremes Egg-Laying Mammals

• Have single hole for digestive, excretory,
  reproductive systems
• Lay eggs and incubate them
• Milk empties onto hair

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