The Expansion of Rome

1
The Expansion of Rome

• The Punic Wars 264 146 B.C.E.

2
The Italian Peninsula

• Create a map key with 3 squares
• 509 B.C.E. Etruscans out
• Stop and shade Rome red in appropriate area, and
  label key
• 493 B.C.E. Roman alliance with Latin tribes on
  Latium Plain
• 272 B.C.E. Rome conquered southern Greek colonies
• 264 B.C.E. Rome had complete control of the
  Italian Peninsula
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  your key and map

3
Rise of Carthage

• Established by Phoenician Empire 700s B.C.E.
• Stop and shade Carthage (city) red in appropriate
  area
• Phoenician Empire fell, Carthage became powerful,
  independent city-state like the city of Rome
• Carthage had a huge and powerful navy
• Took control of North Africa, Corsica, Sardinia,
  Sicily, and Spain

4
Building to war

• Rome and Carthage competed for control of the
  Mediterranean Sea
• Rome Great land force
• Carthage Great navy
• Rome less than 1 million people
• Carthage 1.5 million people

5
The First Punic War 264 - 241 B.C.E.

• Carthage conquered Messina on the island of
  Sicily
• Messina requested help from Rome
• Rome saw a chance to control the Med Sea and a
  need to protect the Italian Peninsula

6
The First Punic War Continued

• Rome beaten early by Carthage navy
• Rome built own navy in 60 days
• Fighting continued for 20 years.
• Rome defeated Carthage in final battle, Carthage
  sought treaty, agreed
• Results Carthage had to forfeit all of Sicily
  and pay Rome large amount of money in 20 year
  payments
• War ended in 241 B.C.E.
• Scoreboard Rome 1 Carthage 0

7
The Second Punic War218 201 B.C.E.

• Carthage angry over losses
• Conquered parts of Spain under Hannibal
• Hannibal set out for Italy, and crossed the Alps
  with elephants
• Rome, under Scipio, invaded Carthage
• Hannibal called home to defend Carthage, defeated
  in 201 B.C.E.

8
The Second Punic War Continued

• Rome gained all of Spain and islands of the
  Mediterranean
• Hannibal declared an outlaw, fled to the Middle
  East, corned by Romans, committed suicide
• Scoreboard Rome 2
  Carthage 0

9
3rd Punic War149 146 B.C.E.

• Brief war
• Rome invaded Carthage
• Carthage destroyed (burned down) and most
  citizens sold into slavery
• Carthage so completely destroyed archeologists
  have found very few artifacts
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  your key and map
• Final Score Rome 3 Carthage 0

10
Results

• Rome able to completely dominate the
  Mediterranean Sea region and set its sights on
  further conquests