Monerans

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Monerans

• Oldest Life on Earth
• Mr. Kempfer
• 7th Grade Science

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Monerans

• Single celled
• No nucleus
• Most commonly known as Bacteria
• Appeared 3.5 billion years ago
• Most numerous organism
• 2.5 billion bacteria in a gram of soil
• How are bacteria different from other cells?

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Types of Bacteria

 

• Shapes of bacteria
• Coiled, ball, rod, candy-apple, blobs
• Can be any color
• Red, yellow, blue, purple
• Found in water, air, soil and other organisms

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Amazing Bacteria

• Some bacteria live in volcanoes, boiling water,
  glaciers, acid pools and at very high pHs
• Bacteria are simple but still perform all of the
  functions necessary for life.
• How would this be an advantage on early Earth?

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Structure of Bacteria

• Have a cell wall
• Protects and gives shape
• Cell Membrane
• Lets stuff in and out
• Cytoplasm
• No nucleus
• Genetic material just floats in the cytoplasm
• What parts do bacteria share with other cells?

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Movement of Bacteria

• Most bacteria cant move on their own.
• Moves by air, water or hitches a ride
• Some have flagellum
• Whip like tails that propel them through a
  liquid.
• Why do bacteria need to move?

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Life Functions of Bacteria

• Some need oxygen, some dont
• Most are heterotrophs
• Some are parasites
• Some are decomposers
• Some are autotrophs
• Some eat sulfur and iron
• Why do you think bacteria are so diverse?

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Reproduction

• Bacteria reproduce by splitting into 2
• Can double their numbers in 20 minutes
• In 24 hours could weigh 2 million kilograms!!!

• In 5 days would weigh more than the Earth!!!

?What keeps this from happening?
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Bacteria in Control

• Reproduction depends on food supply.
• When theres no food, bacteria form an endospore.
• This is like a suit of armor against the
  environment
• Bacteria can survive bleach, boiling, freezing
  and radiation in an endospore
• When would a bacteria need an endospore?

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Bacteria in Nature

• Bacteria are an essential part of the food and
  energy relationships that link all life on Earth.
• Decomposers, Producers, food for consumers
• Oxygen producers
• Why is this important?

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Pioneers

• Bacteria are the first to move into a new area
  and populate it.
• Volcanic areas
• Forest fires
• Symbiotic Relationships
• Help us digest food
• Give plants nitrogen
• How does this help an ecosystem?

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Bacteria and Humans

• Bacteria are used in the production of food,
  fuel, medicines and other products.
• Some, though, can spoil food, cause diseases and
  poison water.
• Name a bad bacteria.

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Bacteria and Food

• Used to make cheese, yogurt, pickles, sour cream,
  soy sauce, vinegar, high-fructose corn syrup
  (sugars)
• Blue-green algae are 70 proteinyum!
• We heat food to kill bad bacteria
• What can bad bacteria do to food?

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Bacteria as Fuel

• Certain bacteria can break down fruit rinds, dead
  plants, manure and sewage to make methane gas
  (natural gas)
• Dead bacteria and other stuff became crude oil in
  time

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Medicine

• Bacteria is used to make anitbiotics
• Chemicals that poison other bad bacteria
• Bacteria can cause
• Strep throat, pneumonia, tetanus and Lyme
  disease.
• Can antibiotics fight a virus?

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Bacteria and Industry

• Used to tan leather
• Extract copper, silver and gold from rock
• Coloring food, cosmetics, removing stains and
  changing chemicals.
• Damages asphalt, water and gas pipes and oil
  drilling machinery.

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Up Next

• Protists