Motivation

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Motivation
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F.W. Taylor(1865 1915)
F.W. Taylor believed that workers were motivated
mostly by money.
Do you think this is true or are there other
factors that are more important than money?
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G. E. Mayo(1880 1949)
G.E. Mayo thought personal satisfaction was
the main motivation.
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Abraham Maslow(1908 1970)
Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist, said
that people were motivated by a hierarchy of
needs. The most fundamental (basic) needs were
at the bottom and the most important ones at the
top.
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Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
Self-fulfilment
Self- Esteem
Increasing
Importance
Social
Safety
Physical
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Hierarchy of Needs

• Physical Needs
• Safety Needs
• Social Needs
• Self-esteem
• Self-fulfilment

• Food and shelter have
• to be satisfied first
• A sense of security
• The need to belong to a group
• It comes from being praised
• A sense of achievement

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D. McGregor(1906 1964)
D. McGregor established that some managers
believed in Theory X workers are lazy and
motivated by money. Theory Y workers enjoy
work and responsibility. McGregor believed in
Theory Y.
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How do we motivate people?

• Good pay
• Bonuses
• Different, interesting and challenging work
• Being praised and feeling respected
• Being given responsibility to make decisions

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Question

• What is the Hierarchy of Needs as stated by
  Maslow?
• Self-fulfilment
• Self-esteem
• Social
• Safety
• Physical

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Question

• 2. Describe McGregors Theory X worker.
• Workers are
• - lazy
• - un-ambitious
• - selfish
• - opposed to change
• - motivated by money

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Question

• 3. Describe McGregors Theory Y worker.
• Workers
• - like their work
• - accept responsibility
• - can organise themselves

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Question

• 4. What would likely happen in an office if a
  Theory Y manager was changed by a Theory X
  manager.
• There would be problems as Theory X managers
  believe that people are selfish, lazy and
  motivated by money. The manager would not trust
  the employees to work independently. Employees
  would be unhappy.

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References

• Anon, (2002). Business The Ultimate Resource,
  Bloomsbury Publishing Plc London.
• Heller, R. and Hindle, T. (1998). Essential
  Managers Manual, Dorling Kindersley London.
• Huggett, Renee, (2002). BBC GCSE Business
  Studies, BBC Educational Publishing London.
• Kolter, P., (2003). Marketing Management, 11th
  Edition, Pearson Education Ltd., New Jersey.

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• The
• End