Chapter 5: Skeletal System The Appendicular Skeleton

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Chapter 5 Skeletal SystemThe Appendicular
Skeleton

• Shoulder
• Arm
• Leg
• Pelvis

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Pectoral Girdle (shoulder)

• Clavicle aka collarbone
• Articulates with the sternum and the scapula
• Helps make the shoulder joint and an attachment
  point for ligaments

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Pectoral Girdle (shoulder)

• Scapula aka shoulder blade
• Acromion the end of the spine that forms the
  shoulder joint
• Glenoid Cavity a pocket for the head of the
  humerus
• The shape of the scapula allows for muscles to
  attach

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Arm Bones

• Humerus
• Head articulates with the glenoid cavity
• Capitulum rounded knob that articulates with the
  radius
• Trochlea articulates with the ulna

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Ulna and Radius

• Ulna medial side of the forearm
• Trochlear Notch curved area that receives the
  trochlea of the humerus
• Radius lateral side of the forearm
• Head articulates with the capitulum of the
  humerus

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The Wrist, Hand, Fingers

• Bones in each hand
• Carpals 8 bones
• Metacarpals 5 bones
• Phalanges 14

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Pelvis

• Coxal Bones The hipbones that are made of three
  fused bones
• Ilium superior
• Ischium inferior and posterior
• Pubis inferior and anterior
• Acetabulum that pocket found where the bone fuse

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Dude or Dudette?

• Female inlet (superior opening) is larger and
  more circular
• Female bones are lighter and more thin
• Female Ilia flare more laterally
• Female ischial spines are shorter outlet
  (inferior opening) is larger
• Female pubic arch is more round as the bones are
  at a great angle

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Nice Legs!

• Femur longest, heaviest, strongest bone in the
  body
• Head articulates with the acetabulum
• Greater and lesser trochanters muscle attachment
  points
• Medial and Lateral Condyles articulate with the
  tibia

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Tibia and Fibula

• Tibia shin bone
• Bears the weight of the leg
• Articulates with the femur,, fibula, and tarsal
  bones
• Fibula parallel and lateral to the tibia

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Knee

• Patella kneecap
• Maintains positions of the quadriceps tendon and
  increase its leverage on the tibia.
• Allow the knee to lock for bipedal locomotion.

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Foot

• Tarsals ankle bones
• 7 bones
• Talus Articulates with the tibia and fibula has
  no muscle attachments
• Calcaneus heel bone
• Metatarsals 5 bones
• Phalanges 14 per foot