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Session 5 E-PRTR QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY
ASSESSMENT Iksan van der Putte
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E-PRTR Regulation (EC 166/2006)
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Quality assurance Operators are responsible for
the quality of the information that they report.

• completeness,
• consistency
• credibility

E-PRTR data inclusion in EMAS or ISO 14001 is
possible
Competent authorities have to assess quality and
Commission coordinates quality assurance and
assessment
Validation Tool ?
The Commission will deliver an appropriate
validation tool in due time to the Member
Statesin order to facilitate the transfer of the
data.
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Credibility
Credibility refers to the authenticity,
reliability, comparibility and transparency of
the data The competent authorities have the duty
to assess the quality of information provided by
the operators In order to ensure the quality of
the data reported, facilities may wish to take
the information provided in the IPPC monitoring
BREF into account
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IPPC Monitoring BREF

• The main quality considerations may include
• Traceability of the measurements results to a
  reference specified by the competent
• authorities, this includes calibration of the
  monitoring system when relevant.
• Maintenance of the monitoring system.
• For self-monitoring, the use of recognised
  Quality Management Systems and
• periodic checks by an external Accredited
  laboratory.
• Certification of instruments and personnel under
  recognised certification schemes.
• Updating of monitoring requirements

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Monitoring data production chain
consists of the following seven steps 1. Flow
measurement. 2. Sampling. 3. Storage, transport
and preservation of the sample. 4. Sample
treatment. 5. Sample analysis. 6. Data
processing. 7. Reporting of data. The practical
value of the measurements and the monitoring
data depends on the degree of confidence, i.e.
reliability, that can be placed on the results,
and their validity when compared to other
results from other plants, i.e. comparability.
Therefore, it is important to ensure
the appropriate reliability and comparability of
the data.
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Shematic of quality of emission data
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Competent authorities have to assess quality..
DATA VERIFICATION/Validation/Management
Ref. Monitoring Analyze duplicate or split
samples Inspecting the laboratories that are
analyzing samples Inspecting the regulated
entities, including their sampling and
analyzing procedures Random, unprogrammed check
monitoring
Ref. Reporting Timeliness Uniformity
format Completeness Reliability
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Data Management electronic or hard copy filing
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Example Bulgaria

• RIEW Regional Inspectorate for Environment and
  Water
• MOEW Ministry of Environment and Water
• ExEA Executive Environment Agency EEA
  European Environment Agency

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The e-MJV system ELECTRONIC ANNUAL REPORTING
Example the NETHERLANDS

• An intelligent form (100 pages)
• Many checks and balances

• A central database with the historical and new
  data

• A web-site (public and non-public part) to
• Give user support (additional helpdesk)
• Reporting of data (to spreadsheets)
• Reporting of status information

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Technology used
Example the NETHERLANDS Electr. Ann. Rep.

• Disconnected tax-form
• Visual Basic application on CD or download
• Synchronising via internet
• XML, Soap toolkit, 128 bit encryption, SSL
• Oracle database
• Hosting in subnet, at least three components
  (firewalls) between internet and the (Oracle)
  database
• Authentication via login, password and pin-code
• (ldap) Verisign certification (comparable with
  financial transactions)

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Example the NETHERLANDS Electr. Ann. Rep./ eMJV)
The four components of the Dutch Environmental
eMJV)
1. A Visual Basic client application communicatin
g directly with the central database
2. Web-services (for non anonymous use) and a
central database
3. A non anonymous secure website

• Company (700 in the Netherlands),
• Receives CD with a Visual Basic application
• Receives a letter with username, password,
  pincode
• After installing the application connects with
  the central database
• Receives the historical data
• Uses the VB-application to fills in the form
• Sends the current year to the central database

Data layer
128 bit SSL, HTTPS
For reporting, status information, Up- and
downloads of XML files and CSV-files, FAQ list
Oracle opslag
Internet
Oracle DBMS
Application layer
DotNet IIS
HTTP
Presentation layer
128 bit SSL, HTTPS, SOAP, XML
4. A public website
Www.rivm.mnp.nl I-Planet ent. Webserver HP UX
128 bit SSL, HTTPS, SOAP, XML
Internet
Internet
For general information

• (Local) authorities and supporting organisations
  (200 in the Netherlands)
• Receives CD with a Visual Basic application, an
  username, password, pincode
• After installing this application connects with
  the central database
• Receives the historical data and the forms of
  this year of the companies under their authority
• Use the same VB-application to judge the
  information, they can approve, ask for changes
  etc.
• All communications goes via the central database
  

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ICT architectuur of the Dutch Environmental eMJV
Companies, (Local) authorities, supporting
organisations
Non-anonymous internet zone
Reverse Proxy (iChain)
www.rivm.nl Iplanet ent. webserver SUN/UX
Data layer
SSL

• Caching
• SSL en/decoding
• Tokens / certif.

Oracle
HTTP
Internet
HTTP
SSL, HTTP
HTTP
Oracle DBMS
Application layer

• Cisco PIX firewall
• IP filtering

• Tunix firewall
• application filtering (HTTP)
• application logging
• anti spoofing mechanisme
• loggen of source-routed pakketten

www.emjv.nl/beveiligd DotNet IIS
VPN, LDAP authorisation
LDAP
HTTP
For authentication
Presentation layer

• Cisco PIX firewall
• IP filtering
• only known ports

Www.rivm.mnp.nl I-Planet ent. Webserver HP UX
FO/ I, Deloitte Touche
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Monitoring and Reporting (MR) principles under
EU ETS scheme
Completeness (all sources in Annex I to Directive
2003/87/EC) Consistency (comparable over
timesame methods) Cost effectiveness (highest
achievable accuracy, no excessive
costs) Faithfulness (verified emission report is
true in what it should represent) Improvement of
performance in monitoring and reporting emissions
(Verified emission report should lead to
better performance in MR) Transparency (in
obtaining, recording, compiling,analysing and
documenting of data for verifier and
CA) Trueness (with appropriate monitoring
methodologies and assessment of
uncertainties)
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Example ETS enforcement system in the Netherlands

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MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY
6.5 mg/Nm3 alone gives no indication of the
range of possible concentrations. 6.5
0.3mg/Nm3 clearly defines the range of possible
concentrations. the true concentration would
be likely to lie within the range 6.2 6.8
mg/Nm3 with a defined degree of confidence,
typically 95 for which it can be assumed that
95times out of 100 the result would be within
those bounds
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LCP Directive ANNEX VIII- Methods of measurements
of emissions
From 27 November 2002 and without prejudice to
Article 18(2) Competent authorities shall require
continuous measurements of concentrations of SO2,
NOx, and dust from waste gases from each
combustion plant with a rated thermal input of
100 MW or more.
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QUALITY
ANNEX VIII A.6
The values of the 95 confidence intervals of a
single measured result shall not exceed the
following percentages of the emission limit
values Sulphur dioxide 20 Nitrogen oxides 20
Dust 30
Any day in which more than three hourly average
values are invalid due to malfunction or
maintenance of the continuous measurement
system shall be invalidated. If more than ten
days over a year are invalidated for such
situations the competent authority shall require
the operator to take adequate measures to improve
the reliability of the continuous
monitoring system.
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Directives LCPD, WID The Directives define the
requirements for monitoring of large combustion
plant and waste incineration plant. The
directives place requirements on the use of
CEN standard methods where these exist. If
relevant CEN standards do not exist then a
hierarchy of standards may be used, with
preference for ISO or other Internationally
recognised standards, followed by National
Standards, such as those produced by BSI, VDI,
ASTM or the US EPA, and finally other methods
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Standard Reference Methods for Monitoring
Standard reference methods have been developed
by CEN and ISO, which address all of the
determinants covered by the LCDP and WID. These
include Particulates (Total dust) Low levels lt
50 mg/m3 EN 13284-1 High levels gt 50 mg/m3 ISO
9096 Nitrogen oxides EN 14792 Carbon monoxide EN
15058 Sulphur dioxide EN 14791 Total organic
carbon EN 12619 Hydrogen chloride EN
1911 Hydrogen fluoride ISO 15713 Oxygen EN
14789 Water vapour EN 14790
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Standard Reference Conditions
Oxygen The combustion of a carbon-based fuel
consumes oxygen. The 21 oxygen content present
in the combustion air that is fed to a furnace
will be depleted to some lower level in the
exhaust gas. The interpretation clause of IPPC
licenses typically require emission data to be
reported at reference oxygen conditions that are
defined according the fuel type, for example _
Gas and liquid fuels 3 ref O2 _ Solid fuels 6
ref O2 _ Waste incineration 11 ref O2 _ Other
fuels (e.g. fume thermal oxidiser)- The
application of reference oxygen conditions will
be determined on a case-by-case basis. _
Emissions from all sources Temperature 273.15K,
Pressure 101.325kPa
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CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMSCEMS
SYSTEMS

• Continuous Emission Monitoring System consists
  of
• 1. system for automatic measuring
• systems for measuring and monitoring
• AMS Automated Measuring System
• 2. system for automatic evaluation
• systems for the calculation of emissions
• AES Automated Evaluation System

AMS
Data
AES
Ref.Dr. Jurij Cretnik, RACI d.o.o.,
SLOVENIA Energy Community Treaty to SEE Kosovo
Seminar 2006
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EU DIRECTIVES REQUIRE UNIFORM OPERATIONAL
MONITORING INSIDE THE EU

• for Automated Measuring Systems requirements are
  very complex
• selection of AMS is left to the user
• existing level of AMS in EU, and also inside the
  EU member states, is very different
• to improve and to uniform the emission measuring
  inside EU, CEN has prepared and published a new
  standard
• EN 141812004 Stationary source
  emissions,Quality assurance of automated
  measuring systems.
• induced by
• EU directive 2001/80/EC On the limitation of
  emissions of certain pollutants into the air from
  large combustion plants - LCPD
• EU directive 2000/76/EC On the incineration of
  waste - WID

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EN 14181 IS EUROPEAN QA STANDARDFOR AUTOMATIC
MEASURING EQUIPMENT
EN 14181 defines three so called quality
assurance levels (QAL) andan annual surveillance
test (AST) for automatic emission monitors QAL
1 Requirement for use of automatic measuring
equipment thathas had its suitability tested
(The QAL 1 test complies with EN ISO 14956) QAL
2 Installation of automatic measuring device
(AMS),calibration of AMS using the standard
reference measuring method (SRM), determination
of measuring uncertainty/variability of AMS
andcheck for observance of present measuring
uncertainties QAL 3 Continuous quality
assurance by the operator(drift and precision of
the AMS, verification on control card) AST
Annual surveillance test including SRM
measurementto check the uncertainty of the AMS
values.
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EN 14181 FOUR LEVELS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE
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EN 14181SIMPLIFIED
SuitabilityTest
Installation Calibration
Continuous Testing
Producer
Operator
Operator
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EN 14181 SIMPLIFIED 2
Instrument Certification
Calibration
On-going QA Zero and Span
Linearity CheckCalibration Check
prEN 15267-3 Certification of AMS
PurchaseInstallation
1 Year
EN 14956
Time
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Illustration of ranges appropriate for QAL1
testing.
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CEMS SYSTEM IN TE-TOL, SLOVENIATERMOELEKTRARNA
TOPLARNA LJUBLJANA
REMOTE WORKPLACE
ROOM 111
COMMAND ROOM
LABORATORY KPV
MODEM
MODEM
ETHERNET
ETHERNET
PHONE LINE
OLM
PC WITH EMIDATE REMOTE
PC WITH EMIDATE CLIENT
TES SYSTEM TETOL
PC WITH EMIDATE SERVER
EXPANSION POSSIBLE
OPTICAL LINK
INTERNET- LINK
PROFIBUS STANDARD CABLE
250 m
PROFIBUS STANDARD CABLE
PROFIBUS STANDARD CABLE
200 m
www.te-tol.si/zacetek.htm
LOCATION VKLM1, VKLM2, BKG1, BKG2
LOCATION K3
LOCATION K1,K2
LOCATION DIMNIK
DISPLAY ubiceva ulica, LJUBLJANA
OLM
30 m
ET 200M
ET 200M
ET 200M
ET 200M
DATA ACQUISITION
DATA ACQUISITION
DATA ACQUISITION
DATA ACQUISITION
AMS 2
AMS 3
AMS 1
EXPANSION POSSIBLE
DISPLAY Zaloka cesta, LJUBLJANA
Ref.Dr. Jurij Cretnik, RACI d.o.o.,
SLOVENIA Energy Community Treaty to SEE Kosovo
Seminar 2006
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Chemiluminescence Analysers Chemiluminescence is
the emission of light energy that results from a
chemical reaction. It was found in the late 1960s
that the reaction of NO and ozone (O3)
produced infrared radiation from about 500 to
3000nm. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) does not
undergo this reaction and must be reduced to
NO before it can be measured by this
method. Most commercial analysers contain
a converter that catalytically reduces NO2 to NO.
The NO (converted from NO2) plus the original NO
in the sample is then reacted with O3 as
described above to give a total NO NO2 (NOx)
reading.
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Surrogate parameters for checking monitoring
systems

• (b) qualitative surrogates
• the temperature of the combustion chamber of a
• thermal incinerator and the residence time (or
  flow rate)
• - the temperature of the catalyst in a catalytic
  incinerator
• the measurement of CO or total VOC of the flue
  gas
• from an incinerator
• (c) indicative surrogates.
• temperature of the gas flow from a condenser
• pressure drop, flow rate, pH and humidity of a
• compost filtration unit
• - pressure drop and visual inspection of a fabric
  filter