Chinas International Tourism Under Economic Transitions

1
Chinas International Tourism Under Economic
Transitions

• Kathleen Liang, Rong Guo, and Qingbin Wang
• The University of Vermont, Department of
  Community Development and Applied Economics
• 2003 AAEA Conference

2
Introduction

• Background
• Trends and Changes
• Regional Disparity Analysis
• Implications and Future Studies

3
International Tourism in China

• Tourism Industry
• Air, Railway, Highway, Waterway
• Visiting
• Accommodation
• Food and Beverage
• Shopping
• Entertainment
• Post and Communication Services
• Other Services

4
Chinas International Tourists

• Foreigners living in other countries, not
  including overseas Chinese, Hong Kong, Macao, and
  Taiwan.
• Before 1989 Japan, US, UK, Australia
• After 1989 Taiwan, Japan, US, Soviet Union
• (Yu, 1992)

5
Previous Studies Chinas Tourism

• Foreign investment and tourism
• Regional concentration
• Characteristics of tourism distribution
• Organizations and services for international
  tourists
• Trade and advertising campaign

6
Objectives of This Study

• Study trends and changes between 1995 and 2000
• Examine spatial distribution of international
  tourists
• Evaluate changes of dispersion for tourism
  related economic variables among thirty-one
  Provinces

7
Chinas International Tourists (millions)
8
Foreign Earnings from International Tourists
(Million, USD)
9
Policies Influences

• Deng Xiaoping 5 speeches from Oct 1978 to July
  1979.
• Government agencies
• Policy Reform Open Door

10
Regional Disparities
11
Southeast

• fast growing businesses
• popular for international
• travelers
• significant foreign investment

12
Northeast and Northwest

• Lowest number of
• international tourists
• highest growth rate in
• Number of international tourists
• Foreign exchange earnings

13
Gini Coefficients for Economic Variables Related
to International Tourism
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Implications

• Increasing trends show in the number of the
  international tourists, foreign exchange
  earnings, and related investments.
• International tourists are visiting more places
  that have not received mush attentions before.
• Declining regional disparity in economic
  variables associated with international tourism
  number of international tourists, foreign
  exchange earnings, and number of hotels.

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More Implications And Future

• Impacts on culture exchange, quality of life, and
  economic development
• Advantage versus disadvantages
• Residents versus tourists
• Policy and government