Chap. 29 punctuation

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Chap. 29 punctuation

• Monday, Nov. 26, 2007

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Schedule for this week

• Today Chap. 29
• Wednesday
• Levine Adelmine, 1982 (handout)
• Althen, 1988 (handout) Friday
• Friday
• Quiz on Chap. 29
• Peer review of Essay 4 Summary

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Overview

• End-of-sentence punctuation . ? !
• Semicolon
• Comma ,
• Colon
• Dashes and parentheses ()
• Apostrophe
• Quotation marks

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End-of-sentence punctuation

• Period
• to end a sentence
• to indicate abbreviations
• e.g. for example
• chap. chapter
• p. 1 page 1
• Nov. November
• St. street
• Usually, no periods are used for abbreviations
  that use only capital letters FBI, ISU, UCLA

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• A question mark ?
• Is writing important for the business major?
• An exclamation point !
• What a beautiful garden it is!
• Writing is so important for the business major!

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Exercise 1 (p. 318)

• For example, when a department store has a
  bargain sale at the end of the summer. You may
  buy expensive clothes at a discount price.
• For example, when a department store has a
  bargain sale at the end of the summer, you may
  buy expensive clothes at a discount price.

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• Students aim for the future. To make their world
  a better place to be.
• Students aim for the future to make their world a
  better place to be.

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• Since you couldnt decide what I should major in
  I just took a course that was required.
• Since you couldnt decide what I should major in,
  I just took a course that was required.

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Semicolon

• A semicolon is used to indicate the end of one
  sentence when two sentences are so closely
  related that they are combined into one.
• He actually likes babies he even wants to bring
  one home.

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• A semicolon can also be used in place of a comma
  to separate items in a list, particularly when
  the items are long or when they have commas
  within them.
• I have been to Ames, Iowa Toledo, Ohio and
  Urbana, Illinois.
• I have been to three states including Iowa,
  Ohio, and Illinois.

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Comma (five uses)

• 1. before the subject
• 2. between items in a list
• 3. around inserted material
• 4. before a quotation
• 5. between clauses joined with a coordinating
  conjunction

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• Before the subject
• Last year, I came to Iowa State University.
• (She) Being a little late to class, she sneaked
  into the classroom through the backdoor.
• Being too delicious, I ate all of the fruit
  salad. (X)

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• between items in a list
• I like to play tennis, soccer, and basketball.
• This is an inexpensive, clean, and comfortable
  hotel.
• At last, the teacher sat down at the piano, took
  out several books of music, and began to play.

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• around inserted material
• ------------------, inserted phrase,
  -------------------.
• ----------------------------------------------,
  inserted phrase.
• Doufu, the Chinese name for bean curd, has been
  made in China for about 2000 years.
• Chinese restaurants use a lot of Doufu, the
  Chinese name for bean curd.

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• before a quotation
• He said, Writing is also important for the
  business major.
• Writing is also important for the business
  major, he said.

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• Separate independent and dependent clauses when
  they are connected with a coordinating
  conjunction (and, or, but, nor, so , for, yet)
• I have been working on this math project for
  nearly two hours, but I havent found a good
  solution to it.
• John didnt prepare for the mid-term well, so he
  didnt pass the exam.

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Never use a comma in these situations

• To separate subject and verb (X)
• The course Im taking this semester, takes a lot
  of my time. (X)
• To set off a clause introduced by that from the
  independent clause. (X)
• It was amazing to all of them, that he had done
  so well. (X)

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Colon

• A colon introduces explanatory and listed items.
• After a sleepless night, the senator made her
  decision she would not seek re-election.
• Music is more than a mechanical arrangement of
  sounds it is an expression of deep feeling and
  ethical values.
• The use of these punctuation marks often confuses
  students comma, semicolon, colon, hyphen, and
  dash.
• There are four national sports in the Unites
  States football, basketball, baseball, and ice
  hockey.

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Dashes and parentheses

• Dashes and parentheses signal an interruption in
  a sentence. They serve to set off additional
  information, to present a kind of aside. Often
  they present explanations, examples, and
  comments.
• Another kind of mistruth the white lie is
  both a popular and often an acceptable type of
  communication.
• Doufu called tofu in Japan and now elsewhere
  arrived as one of the things associated with new
  religion.
• White lies are defined (at least by those who
  tell them) as being unmalicious.

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Dash

• Use a dash to emphasize information
• Last night Nicole won the lottery in her
  dreams.
• Use a dash to indicate a break in thought.
• I told Chun Hyeon or was it Chang Hyeon that
  I visited my wife during the Thanksgiving break.

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Parentheses

• Use parentheses to set off words, phrases,
  clauses, or sentences which are used by way of
  explanation or comment.
• Suzanne has three pets (two birds and a dog).
• We read Austens Northanger Abbey (her first
  novel) in our Eighteenth-Century literature
  class.

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apostrophe

• 1. Used for contracted form
• cant, didnt, doesnt
• 2. Used to signal possession or ownership
• her sons room, the teachers book
• the hotels pool (X) -gt the pool in/of the hotel

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Quotation marks

• Quotation marks occur at the beginning and end of
  directly quoted material, repeating the exact
  words that were spoken or written.
• He said, Lets go.
• The family cheered my decision, saying it had
  true spirit.

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• Quotations marks are also used to indicate that
  one or more words are being used with a special
  meaning.
• The soybean had become gold from the soil.

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• If the quotation is interrupted and then
  continues in your sentence, do not capitalize the
  second part of the quotation.
• He likes to talk about football, she said,
  especially when the Super Bowl is coming up.

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• Indirect quotations are not exact words but
  rather rephrasing or summaries of another
  persons words. Do not use quotation marks for
  indirect quotations.
• According to Mary, Tommy loves to talk about
  football particularly on the Super Bowl Sunday.

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• Use single quotation marks for a quotation
  enclosed inside another quotation.
• The agricultural reporter for the newspaper
  explained, When I talked to the Allens last
  week, they said, We refuse to use that
  pesticide.

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• If you leave words out of a quotation, use an
  ellipsis mark to indicate the omitted words.
• The welfare agency representative said, We are
  unable to help every familybecause we dont have
  the funds to do so.

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• If you need to insert something within a
  quotation, use a pair of brackets to enclose the
  addition.
• The welfare agency representative explained that
  they are unable to help every family that they
  would like to help.