Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research Implementation Plan

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan
Center of Excellence for Oceans and Human Health
at the Hollings Marine Laboratory
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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Are there missing thematic areas?
• Do some thematic areas need more emphasis?
• Should each Center have a priority focus area or
  should we all strive to remain multi-disciplinary?
  
• Within thematic areas, are there important areas
  that are underemphasized (role of sediments in
  pathogen ecology)?
• What is the appropriate method to prioritize and
  schedule this list of activities?

3
Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Priority Research Areas
• Pathogens
• Harmful Algae Blooms
• Emerging Chemical Contaminants
• Seafood Safety
• Pharmaceuticals from the Sea Other Beneficial
  Natural Products
• Cross-cutting Areas
• Forecasting Integrative Modeling
• Epidemiology
• Sentinel Species Sentinel Habitats
• Omics
• Social, Behavioral, Economics (Human
  Well-being)
• Climate Change

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Infrastructure
• Ocean Observing Platforms (including research
  vessels) Sensors
• IT Infrastructure Data Management
• New Standards Standardized Methods
• Core Facilities (genomics/proteomics,
  microbiology, analytical chemistry)
• Support Transition of OHH Research Products and
  Information
• Education Outreach Activities
• K to gray
• Promote Stewardship
• Coordination Collaboration with other agencies
• Partnerships
• Emergency Response
• Cross-center Projects

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Are there missing thematic areas?

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Are there missing thematic areas?
• Microbial profiling and change
• Evenness richness
• Chronic human health impacts
• Animal to human disease transfers
• Structural Biology/Metabolomics

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ZOONOSES/ HUMAN SAFETY
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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

• Localized cutaneous disease
• Diffuse cutaneous disease
• Systemic disease
• Usually associated with handling raw fish
• Zoonotic disease-marine mammals

Suer et al. 1988.
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NMR at HML - Research

• Marine Metabonomics
• Goal
• Develop new tools for assessing the effects of
  stressors on marine organisms.
• We would like to do this better, faster and
  cheaper than ever before.

• Better
• Broad-based, unbiased, survey capability
• Multiple effects tox, edc, narc, etc.
• Faster
• Potential High Throughput
• Compare to Chemistry
• Cheaper
• Cost per analysis is less than chemistry,
  genomics, proteomics.

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Do some of the identified thematic areas need
  more emphasis?

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Priority Research Areas
• Pathogens
• Harmful Algae Blooms
• Emerging Chemical Contaminants
• Seafood Safety
• Pharmaceuticals from the Sea Other Beneficial
  Natural Products
• Cross-cutting Areas
• Forecasting Integrative Modeling (?)
• Epidemiology
• Sentinel Species Sentinel Habitats
• Marine Animal Health
• Omics
• Social, Behavioral, Economics (Human
  Well-being)
• Climate Change

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Stewardship My Daughter Laura
Lauras Barbie
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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Within thematic areas, are there important areas
  that are underemphasized (role of sediments in
  pathogen ecology)?

Center of Excellence for Oceans and Human Health
at the Hollings Marine Laboratory
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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Within thematic areas are there areas that need
  additional emphasis?
• Pathogens
• Role of sediments
• Pathogen ecology
• Sample concentration standardized methods
• Indicator testing, validation, elimination
• Epidemiology (?)
• Harmful Algae Blooms
• Toxin characterization, identification sensors
• Factors controlling toxicity
• Stormwater retention ponds
• Emerging Chemical Contaminants
• Spatial temporal distribution
• Rapid economical methods
• Seafood Safety
• Hg
• Pharmaceuticals from the Sea Other Beneficial
  Natural Products
• Structural biology NMR Core
• Green Aquaculture Organic Products

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Sample Concentration
Detecting Microbes from Environmental Samples

• Concentration Issues
• Need to improve recovery efficiencies
• Choice of membrane - need to trap targets and
  prevent clogging
• Co-Concentration of PCR inhibitors
• Recovery of microbial targets
• (e.g. choosing an elution buffer and volume)
• Approaches other than filtration need to be
  better developed

• Extraction Issues
• Co-Extraction of PCR inhibitors
• Controls needed to quantify loss of nucleic acids
• Need better reproducibility of extraction
  efficiencies
• Most effective kit or protocol will likely depend
  on target of interest and type of sample being
  processed

Nucleic AcidExtraction

• Detection Issues
• Controls needed to allow accurate quantitation of
  microbial abundance
• Controls needed to detect and quantify PCR
  inhibition
• Enzymes (e.g. polymerases) needed that are more
  resistant to inhibitive compounds
• Need to improve specificity and sensitivity of
  assays

Nucleic AcidDetection
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Future Research

• Improved tools and technologies for detection and
  tracking of pathogens from water and shellfish

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Future Research

• Studying effects of land-based activities on
  water quality
• urbanization, stormwater management
• Modeling/forecasting of water quality
• Can we predict effects of development on natural
  resources?

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Within cross-cutting thematic areas are there
  areas that need additional emphasis?

• Forecasting Integrative Modeling
• Integrating and linking models
• Epidemiology
• ?
• Sentinel Species Sentinel Habitats
• Conceptual models
• Omics
• Metabolomcs
• Social, Behavioral, Economics (Human Well-being)
• Almost anything
• Climate Change
• ?

Center of Excellence for Oceans and Human Health
at the Hollings Marine Laboratory
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Use of Sentinel Species/ Biomedical Models
Acute/Life-threateningeffects
Response
Pathogens Biotoxins Contaminants (relationships
interactions among stressors)
Sublethaleffects (linkages mechanisms)
Identify Risks
Develop Indicators
Noeffects
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Marine Animal Health Conceptual Model
Marine Organism Disease
Population Endpoints (Measurable)
Relevant Outcomes
Environmental Stressors
Risks to Human Health Well Being
Socio- Economically Relevant Species
Pathogen Reservoirs
Chronic

• Infectious
• Non-infectious

Impaired Reproduction
Sustainability Of Ecosystem

• Chemicals
• Habitats loss
• Pathogens
• HABs
• Extremes
• Encroachment
• Climate change
• Exotic species

Reduced Resistance
Permanent Impairment
Observable Symptoms/ Signs
Keystone Species
Acute
Population Declines/ Extinction
Increased Mortality

• Infectious
• Non-infectious

?genetic diversity
Decreased Biodiversity
Epidemics (die-offs)
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Recent water temperature increases and
implications for CO2 production
Increase in temperature 2.0 C
Increase in Respiration 25
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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Within outreach, coordination infrastructure
  thematic areas are there areas that need
  additional emphasis?

• Infrastructure
• Ocean Observing Platforms (including research
  vessels) Sensors
• IT Infrastructure Data Management
• New Standards Standardized Methods
• Core Facilities (genomics/proteomics,
  microbiology, analytical chemistry)
• Support Transition of OHH Research Products and
  Information
• Education Outreach Activities
• K to gray
• Promote Stewardship
• Coordination Collaboration with other agencies
• Partnerships
• Emergency Response
• Cross-center Projects

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Action 1 Work through existing OHH programs such
as NSF-NIEHS OHH Centers and NOAAs OHHI and
through collaboration with OHH-related activities
in the CDC, EPA, FDA, MMC, NASA, and USGS
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National NOAAU.S. Integrated System of Systems
(IOOS)

• Coordinated network of people and technology
  that generate and disseminate continuous data on
  our coastal waters, oceans and Great Lakes.
• Links coastal and ocean data sets
• Improves decision-makers abilities to address
  ocean policy issues
• Stakeholders and partners critical to overall
  success.
• Regional coastal observing systems are critical
  to integration of systems and data.

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International Conference - October 20-22, 2008
Accelerating Innovation in 21st Century
Biosciences Identifying the Measurement,
Standards, and Technological Challenges

LocationNational Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST)100 Bureau DriveGaithersburg,
MD USA Hosted by

• Confirmed Plenary Speakers Include
• John Marburger, Director, U.S. OSTP Opening
  Plenary
• Leroy Hood, President, Institute for Systems
  Biology Medicine
• to be confirmed Energy
• to be confirmed Environment
• to be confirmed Manufacturing
• to be confirmed Agricultural Biotech

Register Early, space is limited!
Sponsorship opportunities are still
available!Email barriersworkshop_at_nist.gov
You Are Invited!
For more information and registrationwww.cstl.ni
st.gov/Biosciences.html
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Accelerating Innovation in 21st Century
Biosciences Identifying the Measurement,
Standards, and Technological Challenges
International Symposium - October 20-22, 2008

• Expected outcomes
• Identification and prioritization of measurement,
  standards and technology barriers to realizing
  optimal economic and overall societal benefit of
  new discoveries in the biosciences in the
  following focus areas
• Medicine measurement of complex biomolecular and
  cellular signatures
• Energy obtaining sustainable energy from
  biological sources
• Environment linking molecules to ecosystems
• Manufacturing using biosystems for manufacturing
• Agricultural Biotech increasing yield, quality,
  safety in the worlds food supply
• Deliverable A roadmap for the measurement,
  standards, and technology needs in the
  biosciences, which will in turn inform and guide
  research at NIST as well as within the
  measurement and standards community worldwide.
• Format
• Full day Symposium with Plenary Lectures focused
  on bioscience-related areas with great potential
  for economic and overall societal benefit.
• 2-day Workshop to identify and prioritize
  measurement, and standards challenges that
  significantly impede innovation in selected focus
  areas.
• Expected Participants
• National and international experts from industry,
  academia, and
• government representing the broad spectrum of
  measurement
• and standards needs in the biosciences.

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American Competitiveness Initiative announced
in 2006 State of the Union Address
American Competitiveness Initiative announced
in 2006 State of the Union Address

• 50B to be invested over
• the next 10 years in
• NIST core (Technical Laboratories and
  infrastructure)
• National Science Foundation
• DOE Office of Science

• 50B to be invested over
• the next 10 years in
• NIST core (Technical Laboratories and
  infrastructure)
• National Science Foundation
• DOE Office of Science

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• Are there missing thematic areas?
• Do some thematic areas need more emphasis?
• Should each Center have a priority focus area or
  should we all strive to remain multi-disciplinary?
  
• Within thematic areas, are there important areas
  that are underemphasized (role of sediments in
  pathogen ecology)?
• What is the appropriate method to prioritize and
  schedule this list of activities?

30
Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan

• What is the appropriate method to prioritize and
  schedule this list of activities?
• PMMDI
• DMMDI
• FMMDI

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Interagency Oceans and Human Health Research
Implementation Plan