Conrad C' Lautenbacher, Jr'

1
Presentation to ICAF ClassOctober 22, 2001

• Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr.
• Vice Admiral USN Retired
• President

2
Agenda

• Background
• Commission on Ocean Policy
• United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea
  (UNCLOS)
• Ocean Science
• Federal Government
• Agencies
• Congress
• Climate
• Energy
• Environment
• Fisheries/Marine Life
• Transportation
• Wrap Up

3
What is CORE?

• Non-profit, non-governmental organization
• 67 member institutions representing
• Academia
• Federal laboratories programs
• Aquariums

4
What is CORE?
Research
Education
Public Outreach
CORE BOG
Program development and Management
Increase Support
CORE HQ Staff
14 Federal Agencies
CORE Members ------ 67 Universities Higher
Learning Institutions Aquaria
Develop Ocean Science Community Consensus
Encourage Cooperation
Articulate promote Ocean Science Needs Goals
Build Common Goals
Other Ocean Coastal Organizations
House
Senate
Oceans Caucus 50
Committees Subcommittees 46
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Critic or ManIn The Arena
Which one are you, or will you be?
It is not the critic who counts, not the man who
points out how the strong man stumbled, or where
the doer of deeds could have done better, the
credit belongs to the man who is actually in the
arena whose face is marred by dust and sweat and
blood who strives valiantly who, errs and comes
short again and againwho knows the great
enthusiasms, the great devotions, and spends
himself in a worthy cause who, at the least,
knows in the end the triumph of high achievement
and who, at the worst, if he fails, at least
fails while doing greatly, so that his place
shall never be with those cold and timid
souls who know neither victory nor defeat.
T. Roosevelt
We need more men and women in the arena!
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Commission on Ocean Policy
The Oceans Act of 2000 Establishment of Commission

• The law establishes a Commission, which in
  coordination with the States, a scientific
  advisory panel, and the public, develops a
  National Oceans Report. This report makes
  recommendations to the President and Congress on
  ocean and coastal issues. The president then
  responds to these recommendations in a National
  Ocean Policy that he submits to Congress.

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Commission on Ocean Policy
Oceans Act of 2000

• President to appoint 16 Commissioners within 90
  days of Act effective date
• 4 directly by President
• 4 of 8 nominees from Senate Majority
• 4 of 8 nominees from Speaker of House
• 2 of 4 nominees from Senate Minority
• 2 of 4 nominees from House Minority
• Chair to be selected by Commissioners
• Initial meeting within 30 days
• Public hearings required in Alaska, Northeast,
  Southeast, Southwest, Northwest, Gulf of Mexico
• Commission consult Ocean Studies Board to
  establish advisory panel
• Final report due 18 months after Commission
  establishment
• Presidents response due to Congress within 120
  days
• First Biennial Report by President to Congress
  September 2001

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Commission on Ocean Policy
Policy recommendations to promote

• Protection of life and property against hazards
• Responsible stewardship
• Protection of the natural environment
• Enhancement of commerce resolution of user
  conflicts
• Expansion of human knowledge
• Continued investment in technologies
• Close cooperation among government and private
  sector to ensure
• - Coherent regulation and management
• - Availability of Federal resources
• - Efficient operation of Federal agencies,
  programs, departments
• - Enhancement of partnerships with State and
  local governments
• Preservation of U.S. leadership role

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Commission on Ocean Policy
The Commissions Report must include
recommendations on

• Facilities (people, vessels, computers,
  satellites)
• Federal activities
• Cumulative effect of federal laws
• Supply and demand for ocean and coastal resources
• Relationships among federal, state, and local
  governments and the private sector
• Opportunities for investment in new products and
  technologies
• State and Federal integration efforts
• Modifications to federal laws and/or the
  structure of federal agencies
• The effectiveness of existing federal interagency
  policy coordination

The Commission is to give equal consideration
to environmental, technical, feasibility, economic
and scientific factors. Recommendations may not
be specific to the lands or waters within a
single state.
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Commission Members

• Speaker of the House
• Robert Ballard, Connecticut
• James Watkins, Maryland
• Paul Kelly,Texas
• Ted Beattie, Illinois
• Minority Leader of the House
• Lawrence Dickerson, Texas
• Marc Hershman, Washington

• Majority Leader of the Senate
• Ed Rasmuson, Alaska
• Christopher Koch, Virginia
• Paul Gaffney, Virginia
• Andrew Rosenberg, New Hampshire
• Minority Leader of the Senate
• James Coleman, Louisiana
• Paul Sandifer, South Carolina

• The President
• William Ruckelshaus, Washington
• Ann DAmato, California
• Frank Muller-Karger, Florida
• Lillian Barrone, New Jersey

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Turning to the Sea Americas Ocean Future

• Sustaining Economic Benefits
• Marine Transportation
• Safe Navigation
• Coastal Tourism
• Coastal Communities
• Domestic Fisheries
• International Fisheries
• Aquaculture
• Biotechnology
• Offshore Oil and Gas
• Health

• Protecting Marine Resources
• Submerged Heritage Resource
• Coral Reefs
• Estuaries
• Marine Protected Species
• Marine Protected Areas
• Ocean and Coastal Habitats
• Water Quality
• Non-indigenous Species
• Marine Debris

• Discovering the Oceans
• Ocean Education
• Ocean Observations
• Ocean Research
• Ocean and Coastal Exploration

• Strengthening Global Security
• The Law of the Sea Convention
• Freedom of Navigation
• Maritime Law Enforcement

Follow up to Year of the Ocean and National
Ocean Conference, Sep 1999
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Committee Structure
Crosscuts and Key Interactions
Research and Education Chair Coleman
Short Term Investments International Technology Sc
ience Advisory Panel Public Congress and
Administration
Stewardship Chair Sandifer
Investment and Development
Governance Chair Ruckelshaus
Phased in later/migrate from other committees
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Products Assessments and Proposals...

• Research and Education
• Expansion of human knowledge
• of the marine environment
• The Oceans role in climate
• change, including health impacts
• Marine operations and observations
• Ocean education (K-12 and higher education)
• Marine research, including academia
• Ocean and Coastal Exploration

• Stewardship
• Stewardship of ocean and coastal resources
• Fisheries (commercial and recreational)
• Marine mammals and other protected species
• Marine protected areas including esturaries
• Coral reefs
• Habitat protection
• Protection of marine environment and prevention
  of marine polution
• Water Quality
• Toxics
• Nutrient loading and hypoxia
• Marine debris

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Products Assessments and Proposals...

• Governance
• Federal Activities
• State and Federal integration efforts
• Cumulative Effect of federal laws
• Relationships between Federal, State and Local
  governments and the private sector
• Modifications of Federal laws and/or the
  structure of Federal agencies
• The effectiveness of existing Federal interagency
  policy coordination
• Law of the Sea and other international issues
• Protection of life and property
• Close cooperation among government agencies
• U.S. leadership in ocean and coastal activities

• Investment and Development
• Enhancement of maritime commerce
• Supply and demand for ocean and coastal resources
• Tourism
• Non-living resources
• Energy
• Biotechnology
• Aquaculture
• Opportunities for investment in new products and
  technologies
• Investments in technologies to promote energy and
  food security
• Facilities (people, vessels, computers,
  satellites)

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Working Overlay
Protecting Marine Resources
Sustaining Economic Benefits
Strengthening Global Security
Discovering the Oceans
Driving All Committee Recommendations
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Tentative Plan for Regional Meetings
Next meeting -- November 13 and 14 -- Washington
DC
Complete all required visits in 6-7 months
(January -- July 2002) Commission Chair (or his
designee), a minimum of 1 member from each
Topical Committee plus Commissioners attend each
one meeting may have more than one venue.
Region Schedule
Possible Venues SE January
2 - Charleston, Norfolk Gulf
February/March 3 - Stennis MS,
Galveston, Miami/Tampa SW
March/April 3 - HI, Los Angeles,
Monterey Bay NW April/May
2 - Seattle, Corvalis NE
May/June 4 - MA/RI, ME/NH,
NY/NJ, Chicago AK July
1 - Anchorage
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UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

• Significant pressure for U.S. to sign
• Resolution of issues
• Among US and other nations already in
• Oceanographic research vessels in foreign EEZs
• Participation in key committees at stake
• Definition of continental shelf resources beyond
  standard EEZ boundaries
• Surveys needed first
• Resolution of Alaskan waters boundaries

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The Situation - Whats Missing?
4.5B National Observing System
Transparent Explored
Atmosphere
10,000 Observations

• Time Scale
• Hours
• Days

Largely Understood
Entire Atmosphere

• Processes
• Physical
• Chemical
• Biological

?

• Transport Processes
• Energy
• Greenhouse gases
• (e.g.. CO2)
• Aerosols

Ocean
1000 x more heat stored than
300 Feet
Many Relatively Unknown
50 x more CO2 stored than
60M National? Observing System
Opaque 95 Unexplored

• Complex Processes
• Physical
• Chemical
• Biological
• Biochemical

The Missing Piece

• Time Scale
• Months
• Decades

300 observations
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Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling
Global Model
Ice
Historically, model elements have been largely
independent. Modeling technology, and
observational data advances are needed to make
unified global ocean model possible
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National Oceanographic Partnership Program

• 14 Federal agencies together providing
  leadership and coordination of national
  oceanographic research education programs
• Facilitates new interactions among federal
  agencies, academia industry
• Increases visibility for ocean issues on the
  national agenda
• Achieves a higher level of coordinated effort
  synergy across the broad oceanographic community.

www.NOPP.org
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Federal Agencies Supporting Ocean Science

• Office of Naval Research
• Office of the Oceanographer of the Navy
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
• National Science Foundation
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration
• Department of Energy
• Department of State
• Environmental Protection Agency
• United States Army Corps of Engineers
• United States Coast Guard
• United State Geological Survey
• Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
• Mineral Management Service
• Office of Science and Technology Policy
• Office of Management and Budget

Department of the Navy
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IWG
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National Ocean Research Leadership
Council (NORLC)
NOPP Organizational Structure
Ocean.US EXCOM
12 2
8
Federal Oceanographic Facilities Committee (FOFC)
Ocean Research Advisory Panel (ORAP)
Interagency Working Group (IWG)
Ocean.US Office
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Program Office (NOPPO) CORE
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National Ocean Research Leadership Council (NORLC)

• Department of the Navy
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
• National Science Foundation
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration
• Department of Energy
• Environmental Protection Agency
• United States Coast Guard
• United State Geological Survey
• Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
• Mineral Management Service
• Office of Science and Technology Policy
• Office of Management and Budget

12 2
The Department of State and the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers are also represented on the Council.
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Ocean and Coastal Observing System Stakeholders
Agency and Missions

• Navy
• NOAA
• NSF
• NASA
• Energy
• EPA
• USCG
• USGS
• DARPA
• MMS
• OSTP
• OMB

- National security, Sensor Technology, Littoral
warfare - Weather and Climate prediction,
Maritime Operations, Managing Living Resources -
Basic Research - Supporting Space Systems
(Sensors and Communications) - Ocean Oil and Gas,
Hydrates - Protection of the Ocean and Coastal
Environment - Maritime Safety, System Upkeep,
Arctic Research Support - Coastal Geologic
Assessments - Advanced Sensors and Systems -
Prudent Management of Offshore Leases - Science
Policy Coordination - Overall Funding and
Executive Branch Management
The Department of State and the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers also have established interests.
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Consortium for Oceanographic Research and
Education
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Ocean Sciences Resources
Millions 96
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Ocean Sciences Resources
Millions 96
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Ocean Research Advisory Panel Report
An Integrated Ocean Observing System A strategy
for Implementing The First Steps of a U.S. Plan
(ORAP Dec 1999)
Management and Organization
8 Agencies have signed
1. Use NOPP as the basis for Management 2.
Develop appropriate interagency MOU 3. Establish
as Interagency Systems Program Office 4.
Establish a National Ocean Observing System
Operations Center 5. Initiate development of
common criteria for program development 6.
Designate agencies for specific functions 7.
Establish a multi-sector working group
Ocean.US
Federal, State, and Local, Academic and Private
Sector
Funding
1. Augment current (FY00) funding with 100M
annually 2. Funds allocated to agencies with
purpose defined by NOPP 3. Examine on-going
activities to eliminate redundancies
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Coastal and Ocean Observing System Climate
Research Initiative

• National leadership
• Setting national standards
• Integrate regional and National needs
• Managed at Super-Agency Level (NORLC)
• Integrated Program Office (Ocean.US)
• Initial tasking
• Common criteria for program development
• Integrated requirements and architecture
• Data sharing and information exchange protocols
• Common fiber and satellite communications network
• Distributed operations center concept
• Funding to start in FY02
• 10 year plan
• Partnerships - federal dollars matched at state
  and local level

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Improving NOPP

• Drop the R from NORLC (NOLC)
• Acknowledge new parts/direction of NOPP (e.g.
  Ocean Observing Mission)
• Add State and Corps of Engineers to NOLC
  membership
• Raise priority of NOPP among member agencies ( in
  budget process)
• Appropriate directly to NOPP
• Eliminate all but statutory requirements on
  partnership funds
• Automatically assign economy Act authority to
  interagency transfers under partnership

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Word to live by in Washington

• Remember the golden rule!
• He who owns the gold makes the rules
• In Washington
• Amateurs talk tactics, professionals talk
  logistics
• translates to
• Amateurs talk strategy, professionals talk
  money
• Show me the money!

Success a fully funded program!
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The Path
Political Imperative
Good Public Policy depends on Good Science
Much is known, but major piece of puzzle missing
is

• Climate Change?
• Marine Resources?
• Fisheries
• Energy
• Pollution?
• Economic growth?

Bush Initiatives
Coastal and Ocean Observing Systems
Implementation must include
FY02/03 Coastal and Ocean Observing System Budget
Initiative
NORLC (NOPP)
Draft Legislation
Congressional Support
Ocean.US
NCOOOC
Integrated Program Office
Distributed Operations Center
NICOOS Architecture and Acquisition
National Ocean Research Leadership
Council National Oceanographic Partnership
Program National Integrated Coastal and
Ocean Observing System National Coastal and
Ocean Observing Operations center
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Coastal Observing Systems
(NOAA, Navy, NASA, NSF, MMS, EPA, USGS, USCG,
USACOE)
GEM - Alaska
NEPTUNE
GoMOOS
MOOS
LEO-15
CBOS
COOS
CORMP
CARO-COOPS
SACOOS
SCOOP
WAVCIS
CARO-COOPS -Carolina Coastal Ocean Observation
and Prediction System CBOS -
Chesapeake Bay Observing System COMPS -
Coastal Ocean Monitoring and Prediction
System COOS - California Ocean
Observing System CORMP - Coastal Ocean
Research and Monitoring Program GEM -
Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring - Alaska GoMOOS -
Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System LEO-15
- Long Term Environmental
Observatory MOOS - MBARI Ocean
Observing System NGLI - Northern
Gulf of Mexico Littoral Initiative SABSOON -
South Atlantic Bight Synoptic Offshore
Observational Network SACOOS - Southeast
Atlantic Coastal Ocean Observing System
NGLI
TABS
SFOMC
COMPS
TCOON
SABSOON
SCOOP - Southeastern Coastal Ocean
Observing System SFOMC - South Florida Ocean
Management Center TABS - Texas Automated
Buoy System TCOON - Texas Coastal Ocean
Observation Network WAVCIS- Wave-Current
Surge Information System for Coastal Louisiana
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Ocean and Coastal Observing System Funding
Requirements
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National Ocean Observing System
(NOAA, Navy, NSF, NASA)
Large Scale Systems Plans Maturation

• Components
• In situ and satellite observations
• System support
• Research, outreach, services

Cost 10-year plan

• Tide Gauges
• PORTS
• Argo
• Drifter Array
• Ocean Data Buoys
• Tropical Moored Array
• Coastal Moorings
• Seafloor Cables
• High Frequency Radar
• Gliders and AUVs
• Platform Support
• Shoreline mapping, bathymetry

• Vessel Observations
• Altimeter
• Scatterometer
• Ocean Color
• Synthetic Aperature Radar
• Data, Computer Systems
• Communications
• Coastal Monitoring
• Research
• Development of Products, Services
• Outreach

Dollars in Millions
Fiscal Year
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Key Characteristics of NEPTUNE Tectonic plate
scale Lots of power (100 kW) Bandwidth
(Gbits/sec) Real-time data return control
Robust design high reliability Available for
20-30 years
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Community and PI Observations and Experiments

• Community
• Required by 2 or more independent projects
• Long duration gt 5 years
• Required for ongoing educational programs
• Integrated with other programs
• PI
• Traditional funding and duration
• NEPTUNE is a service facility

38
Science Topics Working Groups

• Ridge crest volcanism, rapid response
• /microbiology...
• Crustal hydrology and biogeochem. (boreholes)
• Long-term ecological studies
• Water column physics / chemistry / biology
• Fisheries
• Seismology and geodynamics
• Subduction zone gas releases methane
  clathrates
• Sediment flux from the continents to the deep
  sea

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NEPTUNE
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Texas Automated Buoy System (TABS)        
Initiated as an Interagency Research Contract
between the Texas General Land Office and Texas
AM University (TAMU) in 1994.          The
mission is prediction of oil spill movement along
Texas coast for Texas General Land Office Oil
Spill Prevention and Response Program TABS is
directed by Dr. Robert D. Martin, Director of
Scientific Support State Scientific Support
Coordinator, Oil Spill Prevention and Response
Program, Texas General Land Office. Work is
carried out at GERG and Dept. of Oceanography,
TAMU.          .
41

• Texas Automated Buoy System (TABS) has three main
  elements
• Operation of seven buoys along the Texas Coast to
  measure water temperature and surface (2m depth)
  currents.
• Collection, assembly, archiving, and formatting
  of Gulf of Mexico NOAA and CMAN wind measurements
  and NCEP ETA model runs.
• Daily model runs of two ocean current models for
  nowcasting and prediction of coastal currents.
• Data products from all these activities are made
• available in near-real time via the WWW.
•        

42
Texas Automated Buoy System (TABS) buoy
operations     
TABS I Water depths lt 40m Cell Phone Data
TABS II Water depths lt200m Satellite or Cell
Phone Data Met package and ADCP
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Summary
Political Imperative
Good Public Policy depends on Good Science
Much is known, but major piece of puzzle missing
is

• Climate Change?
• Marine Resources?
• Fisheries
• Energy
• Pollution?
• Economic growth?

Bush Initiatives
Coastal and Ocean Observing Systems
Implementation must include
FY02/03 Coastal and Ocean Observing System Budget
Initiative
NORLC (NOPP)
Draft Legislation
Congressional Support
Ocean.US
NCOOOC
Integrated Program Office
Distributed Operations Center
NICOOS Architecture and Acquisition
National Ocean Research Leadership
Council National Oceanographic
Partnerships Program National Integrated
Coastal and Ocean Observing System National
Coastal and Ocean Observing Operations center