Chapter Six

1
Chapter Six

• Developing Your Speech

2
Objectives

• Select a topic for a classroom speech that is
  appropriate to the audience, the occasion, and
  yourself.
• Narrow a topic so that it can be thoroughly
  discussed within the time limits allotted for a
  specific assignment.

3
Objectives (cont)

• Write an audience-centered, specific-purpose
  statement for an assigned topic.
• Explain three ways of generating main ideas from
  a central idea.

4
Objectives (cont)

• Develop a blueprint for a speech by combining the
  central idea and a preview of the main ideas.
• Apply to a speaking assignment the four steps for
  getting from a blank sheet of paper to a plan for
  the speech.

5
Select and Narrow Your Topic

• Consider the audience
• Consider the occasion
• Consider yourself

6
Strategies for Selecting a Topic

• Brainstorming
• Listening reading for topic ideas
• Scanning web directories
• Personal experience

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Narrowing the Topic

• Make the information fit within the time limit.
• Construct categories similar to those found in
  Web directories.

• Construct a categorical hierarchy
• Wine
• Red wine
• Italian red wine
• Red wines to eat with eggplant parmesan.

8
Determine Your Purpose

• General Purpose
• What are the three listed in Chapter 2?
• Speaking to inform
• Speaking to persuade
• Speaking to entertain

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Specific Purpose

• Formulating the specific purpose
• What do you want your audience to do?
• Use words that refer to observable or measurable
  behavior.
• Limit to a single idea.
• Make sure youre audience-centered.

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Examples

• To help my audience understand how to balance
  their checkbook.
• At the end of the speech, my audience will
  understand the history of bullfighting.
• After listening, my audience will understand the
  why aliens may exist.

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Central Idea

• One-sentence summary of the speech.
• Restates the speech topic, but adds detail.
• Use specific, direct language.
• Should be audience-centered.

12
Examples

• Balancing a checkbook takes two simple steps,
  entering deposits and keeping track of
  withdrawals.
• The history of bullfighting is rich in tradition,
  is an important part of Spanish culture, and is a
  huge spectator sport.
• There is a possibility that aliens may exist,
  which will be proven by undoctored photos taken
  by NASA, research from respected astronomers, and
  from stories of others personal experience.

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Generate Preview Your Main Ideas

• Find logical divisions
• Establish reasons
• Trace specific steps
• Preview your main ideas in your introduction.

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Example 1

• GP To inform
• SP To help my audience understand how to
  balance their checkbook.
• CI Balancing a checkbook takes two simple
  steps, entering deposits and keeping track of
  withdrawals.

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• Introduction
• A. To help my audience understand how to
  balance their checkbook.
• B. Balancing a checkbook takes two simple
  steps, entering deposits and keeping track of
  withdrawals
• II. Body
• Entering deposits
• Keeping track of withdrawls
• III. Conclusion

16
Example 2

• GP To inform
• SP At the end of the speech, my audience
  will understand the history of bullfighting.
• CI The history of bullfighting is rich in
  tradition, is an important part of Spanish
  culture, and is a huge spectator sport.

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• I. Introduction
• A. At the end of the speech, my audience
  will understand the history of bullfighting.
• B. The history of bullfighting is rich in
  tradition, is an important part of Spanish
  culture, and is a huge spectator sport.
• Body
• A. Rich in tradition
• B. Important part of Spanish culture
• C. Huge spectator sport
• III. Conclusion

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Example 3

• GP To persuade
• SP After listening, my audience will
  understand the why aliens may exist.
• CI There is a possibility that aliens may
  exist, which will be proven by undoctored
  photos taken by NASA, research from respected
  astronomers, and from stories of others
  personal experience.

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• Introduction
• A. After listening, my audience will
  understand the why aliens may exist.
• B. There is a possibility that aliens may exist,
  which will be proven by undoctored photos
  taken by NASA, research from respected
  astronomers, and from stories of others
  personal experience
• II. Body
• A. Undoctored photos taken by NASA
• B. Research from respected astronomers
• C. Stories of others personal experiences
• III. Conclusion

20
Summary

• What are some ways to select your topic?
• How can you narrow your topic?
• What is a general purpose?
• How do you develop a specific purpose?
• How do you develop a central idea?
• What are some ways you can generate and preview
  your main ideas?