The Cell

1
The Cell
2
Background

• Think of cells as colorful little building
  blocks. Cells come together to construct living
  things.

3
What is a cell?

• A watery body
• Contains chemicals
• Holds lots of information
• Humans have over 200 types of cells and many
  billions of individual cells.
• A weeping willow has about 20 types of cells.
• All cells in an object contains the same basic
  information.

4
Cell Theory

• developed during the 1830s
• States
• All living matter is made up of one or
  more cells. Also, any cell alive today had its
  origin in a preexisting cell.

5
Structure and Scale of Molecules in the Cell

• Foundation of functioning cells is the atom.
• Atoms bond together to form molecules.
• Molecules may link together to form chains inside
  the cell.

6
Structure and Scale (continued)

• Proteins are the most numerous of chain
  molecules.
• Proteins are made up of amino acids strung end to
  end.
• Order of amino acids is determined by DNA

7
DNA

• Deoxyribonucleic acid
• DNA is the genetic material that is the blueprint
  for all life.
• Proteins formed carry on all functions of life.

8
Parts of the Cell

• Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Golgi Complex
• Mitochondria
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Ribosomes
• Lysosomes

9
Cell Membrane

• Lets some things in
• Keeps other things out
• Like a game of Red Rover, Red Rover.

10
Cytoplasm

• Liquid material outside the nucleus where all the
  other parts of the cell are found and formed.

11
Nucleus

• hold DNA
• DNA decides whether you have blue or brown eyes,
  etc.
• Carries instructions that tell the cell how to
  make protein molecules.

12
Golgi complex

• Where molecules are finished and packaged.
• Secreting cells have very busy golgi complexes.

13
Mitochondria

• The engines of the cell. They make stored energy
  available.

14
Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Where a lot of the chemical activity takes place.

15
Ribosomes

• Make proteins
• Found on the outer part of the endoplasmic
  reticulum

16
Lysosomes

• Defend the cell from invaders.
• Release enzymes to eat invading bacteria.
• Help break down the cell when it dies.

17
The Cell

• Now you have a basic understanding of the cell
  and how is forms the foundation for all life.