Climatograms That Define a Biome

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ClimatogramsThat Define a Biome

• By Lori Chen Marie Patrick

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Key Terms

• Biome
• biotic community
• dominant plants and animals
• unique climate

Biomes of the World
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BIOMES

• Tundra
• Coniferous Forest/Taiga
• Deciduous Forest/Temperate Forest
• Desert
• Grassland
• Chaparral/Mediterranean Woodland
• Rainforest

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ChaparralWoody Shrubland

• found in a little bit of most of the continents -
  the west coast of the United States, the west
  coast of South America, the Cape Town area of
  South Africa, the western tip of Australia and
  the coastal areas of the Mediterranean.
• many different types of terrain like flat plains,
  rocky hills and mountain slopes. It is sometimes
  used in movies for the "Wild West".
• very hot and dry. As for the temperature, the
  winter is very mild and is usually about 10 C.
  Then there is the summer. It is so hot and dry at
  40 C that fires and droughts are very common.
• Fortunately, the plants and animals are adapted
  to these conditions. Most of the plants have
  small, hard leaves which hold moisture. Some of
  these plants are poison oak, scrub oak, Yucca
  Wiple and other shrubs, trees and cacti.
• The animals are all mainly grassland and desert
  types adapted to hot, dry weather. A few
  examples coyotes, jack rabbits, mule deer,
  alligator lizards, horned toads, praying mantis,
  honey bee and ladybugs.
• make sure to bring some sunscreen and lots of
  water!

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Key Terms

• Climatogram
• graph
• shows a biomes monthly temperature
• and precipitation data
• in a single year

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Key Term
Abiotic Factors Physical or NONLIVING component
of an ecosystem
Rocks, Sand, Cliffs
Snow, Rain, Hail
Wind
Sun, Heat, Cold
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Tundra

• Permafrost (permanent layer of frost)
• Little rain or snowfall
• Least diverse biome
• Flat terrain
• Constant low temperature

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Coniferous Forest(TAIGA)

• Spruce and Fir Trees (Cone Plants)
• Mosses, lichens, small shrubs
• Winter snowfall
• Short, warm summer days
• Snow completely thaws

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Deciduous Forest

• Distinct 4 seasons
• Trees lose leaves in the Fall
• Richest Soil
• Oaks, Maple, Hickory, Chestnut
• Abundant snow and rainfall
• Squirrels, Deer, Birds, Fox, Skunk

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Desert

• Extreme temperatures
• Little precipitation
• Poor, dry conditions
• Thorny plants, cacti
• Rodents, insects, reptiles, camels

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Grassland

• Tall, Mixed or Short grass
• Deep, porous soil
• Low-medium precipitation
• Wolves, grasshoppers, jackrabbits, badgers,
  rattlesnakes, birds,
• Low winter temperatures

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Rainforest

• Most Diverse
• Minimal season variation
• Rainfall, Humidity, Precipitation High
• Vegetation is dense
• Broad leafed plants
• Insects, fungi, monkeys, birds, frogs

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Purpose of Lab

• Graph data of temperature and precipitation
• Compare biomes
• Analyze San Diego biome data
• Analyze a set of unknown data

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Climatogram

• cm

• Chaparral

• C

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Steps to do the Lab

• Graph the San Diego data on graphing paper
• Use Microsoft Excell to do steps ad
  (on page 601)
• Graph your assigned Unknown from page 601
  (a-l)
• Study your graph and label the appropriate biome
  it belongs too

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How to use Excell

• Turn on the power of the computer
• Move the mouse to Start and click one time,
  holding the button down
• Drag the mouse to Programs, then over to
  Microsoft Excel and release
• You are in Microsoft Excel

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Making a Data Table

• 1. Type the initials of the months in the first
  column
• 2. Type in the monthly precipitation in the
  second column
• 3. Type in the monthly temperature in the third
  column

• Example of Data Table

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Graphing Your Data (1)

• 1. Select all of the data and hit the chart
  wizard icon
• 2. Click on the Custom Types tag
• 3. Select the Line-column on Two Axes
• 4. Click next twice
• 5. Select no legend and type in the necessary
  info.
• 6.Click finish

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Graphing Your Data (2)

• 1. Double click on the left Y axis bar and under
  Scale put in the following values
• Minimum 0 Major unit 2
• Maximum 36 Minor unit 1

• 2. Double click on the right Y axis bar and under
  Scale put in the following values
• Minimum -36 Major unit 4
• Maximum 36 Minor unit 1

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REFERENCES

• Islas Semester II - Biology Instruction Packet
  (IP)
• Biological Science - An Ecological Approach -
  SEVENTH EDITION (textbook)
• Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia
• Microsoft Excel