North American Colonies

1
North American Colonies

• Chapter 1-3

2

• Anglican Church
• Church of England southern colonies remained
  members
• -when 1534
• -where England Southern colonies supported
• -impact difference in religion in different
  regions
• 2. religious dissent
• disagreement with the Anglican Church
• When Early 1600s
• Where Europe and America
• Impact people came to America to flee the
  persecutions of the Anglican Church
• 3. indentured servant
• work up to 7 years for their passage to America
• When 1620 - 1700
• Where North American Colonies
• Impact more people were able to come to America
• 4. slavery people are owned like property
• When 1619 - 1865

3

• Staple Crops crops in large demand and provide
  the bulk of a regions income
• When 1612- 1865
• Where Southern colonies
• Impact increased need for slaves helped
  economy (made many rich southern men)
• plantation system- huge farms owned by wealthy
  landowners to raise cash crops
• When mid 1600s 1865
• Where Southern colonies
• Impact southern colonies spread out not many
  large cities- homeschool their children caused
  a big social gap
• headright system- 50 acres of land promised if
  you settle in Virginia
• When 1618
• Where Virginia
• Impact increased population in Virginia
• representative governments people elect leaders
  and have a voice
• When 500 bc - present
• Where Greece, Roman Empire, America
• Impact increased desire to overthrow the British
  Monarchy

4

• 9. Fundamental orders of Connecticut body of
  laws for Connecticut governments power came
  only from the people.
• When 1639 Where Connecticut
• Impact other states began to make a body of laws
  giving power to the people
• 10. Mayflower Compact - document to establish
  self-government
• When 1620
• Where Mayflower (boat on the way to New England
  Colonies)
• Impact Colonies government would be
  representative
• 11. House of Burgesses legislative body in
  Virginia
• When 1619 -1775 Where Virginia
• Impact People had a voice in government - model
  for later US government
• 12. fur trade French settlements economy
• When early 1500s early 1800s
• Where Interior of North America (near great
  lakes)
• Impact good relationship between natives and
  French French presence in North America that
  caused tension between colonists

5

• Quakers - religious group that was non violent
  settled in Pennsylvania
• When 1677 present day
• Where Pennsylvania (middle colonies)
• Impact religious tolerance very accepting
• Puritans established New England Colonies to
  escape religious persecution. Known as Pilgrims
• When Early 1500s 1600s
• Where From England to the New England Colonies
  (Massachusetts, RI, CT, NH)
• Impact Public Education started successful
  colonies that became states
• Salutary neglect - colonists governed
  themselves without crown assertion
• When early 1700s
• Where 13 colonies
• Impact Gave colonist a sense of independence
  didnt want the King telling them what to do

6

• Jamestown first Successful English settlement
  in VA
• When 1607
• Where Virginia
• Impact gave England hope of more colonies
• Plymouth est. by Puritans in Massachusetts
• When 1620 Where Massachusetts
• Impact first New England settlement
• Salem Witch Trials Massachusetts accused and
  condemned many accused people of being witches
  clean from the devil
• When 1692 Where Massachusetts
• Impact caused hysteria people tried to be
  very religious

7
Chapter 1 section 5

• Where did Europeans first experiment with the
  plantation system?
• How did the European need for labor affect Native
  Americans?
• How did the arrival of European settlers affect
  Native American societies?
• How did the Colombian Exchange affect Europe then
  and now?

8
Unit 1 Vocab

• Mayas
• Central American Empire that had advanced math
  and calendar in 300-900
• Aztec
• Central Mexico ruled an empire. Later conquered
  by Spanish
• headright system-
• 50 acres of land promised if you settle in
  Virginia
• Conquistadors
• Spanish Conquerors
• fur trade
• French settlements economy
• Jamestown
• 1st successful English colony in VA
• Staple Crops
• crops in large demand and provide the
  bulk of a regions income

9
Unit 1 Vocab

• Royal Colony
• governed directly by the king through an
  appointed royal governor
• Proprietary
• colony granted to a group of private owners for
  development
• Charter Company
• Crown grants a charter to est. a government
• joint-stock Company
• company owned by a group of investors
• indentured servant
• work up to 7 years for their passage to
  America
• slavery
• people are owned like property
• Fundamental orders of Connecticut
• body of laws for Connecticut governments
  power came only from the people.
• gentry
• upperclass
• Iroquois League
• Northeastern political alliance

10

• plantation system
• huge farms owned by wealthy landowners to raise
  cash crops
• Anglican church
• Church of England southern colonies remained
  members
• religious dissent
• disagreement with the Anglican Church
• Puritans
• established New England Colonies to escape
  religious persecution. Known as Pilgrims
• pilgrims
• Name for Puritans
• Plymouth
• est. by Puritans in Massachusetts

11

• Massachusetts Bay Colony
• settled by Puritans
• Salutary neglect
• colonists governed themselves without crown
  assertion
• representative governments
• people elect leaders and have a voice
• House of Burgesses
• legislative body in Virginia
• Mayflower Compact
• document to establish self-government
• Quakers
• religious group that was non violent settled
  in Pennsylvania
• Salem Witch Trials
• Massachusetts accused and condemned many accused
  people of being witches clean from the devil

12
Chapter 1 Section 1

• 1. When and how did the first peoples get to
  Americas?
• 2. Why did people come to America?
• 3. (pg 7) How did the development of agriculture
  affect ancient societies in the Americas?
• 4. What were some of the achievements of the
  early civilizations of the Americas?
• 5. Look at the location of ancient American
  empires develop. What is present in all of the
  empires locations?

13
Native Americans

• Beginnings
• The First people migrated from Asia across a
  land bridge
• Est. the first societies in North America
• Hunters/Gatherers
• Nomadic (moving)
• Agricultural techniques spread settlements
  developed

14
Native Americans

• Empires
• 1. Maya
• -(300-900)
• -present day Yucatan Guatemala
• -math/science introduced zero
• -calendar

15
Native Americans

• 2. Aztec
• -(1325-1519)
• -Present day Valley of Mexico
• -adapted ideas from other groups
• -conquered by the Spanish

16
Native Americans

• 3. Iroquois League
• -political alliance in the late 1500s
• -Northeast America

17
Homework CheckChapter 1 Section 1

• 1. When and how did the first peoples get to
  Americas?
• 22,000 years ago
• By a frozen land bridge between Asia and Alaska
• 2. Why did people come to America?
• Hunters were following animals
• 3. (pg 7) How did the development of agriculture
  affect ancient societies in the Americas?
• It caused them to settle (stop being nomadic) and
  start empires
• 4. What were some of the achievements of the
  early civilizations of the Americas?
• Systems of writing, built great cities,
  pyramids.
• 5. Look at the location of ancient American
  empires develop. What is present in all of the
  empires locations?
• -water!!! Ocean or river

18
Colonization

• European countries began to establish colonies in
  the Americas in the 1500s
• Spain, France and England were the main countries
  to control
• Started the Columbian Exchange transfer of
  items from the Eastern to Western Hemisphere

19
Chapter 1 section 5

• Where did Europeans first experiment with the
  plantation system?
• How did the European need for labor affect Native
  Americans?
• How did the arrival of European settlers affect
  Native American societies?
• How did the Colombian Exchange affect Europe then
  and now?

20
Colonization

• 1. Spain
• Was the first country to have success!
• 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered the Americas
  for Spain
• Europeans had been looking for a new route to
  Asia but instead discovered the New world

21
Colonization

• 1. Spain
• Spainards came to America for 3 reasons
• GOD
• GLORY
• GOLD
• They were called Conquistadors a Spanish
  conqueror who colonized the Americas
• Looking for golden cities

22
Colonization

• 1. Spain
• Influenced Mexico, Central/ South
• America the Caribbean
• Established Florida
• St. Augustine the oldest US city
• Destroyed the Aztecs

23
Colonization

• 2. France
• Quebec (1608) first successful French colony

24
Colonization

• 2. France
• Used the rivers and lakes to settle the interior
• Frenchmen made a lot of money through
• fur trade
• Established a good relationship with the Indians
  through trade

25
Colonization

• 3. England
• Settled the Atlantic Coast (GA to Maine)
• Longer term
• First Settlement was Jamestown, VA
• Just wanted gold had to farm (tobacco)
• Did NOT get along with Indians
• Economic, political, social diversity

26
Colonization

• 3. England
• Types of colonies
• Royal ruled by the king through an appointed
  royal governor
• Proprietary group of private owners for
  development
• Charter- the crown granted a charter for the
  purpose of establishing a government

27
Colonization

• 3. England
• 3 regions
• New England Massachusetts , New Hampshire,
  Rhode Island, Connecticut
• Middle NY, NJ, Penn, Delaware
• Southern - Maryland, VA, NC, SC, GA

28
Colonization
29
The 13 Colonies

• England wanted all colonies to be SELF-SUFFICIENT
  make money for England.
• -Colonies were to SUPPLY England with goods
  they did not have
• -Colonies were to BUY goods from England

30
Colonial Government

• Representative Governments
• colonies elected officials
• A. Colonial Governors appointed by the crown
• B. Colonial Legislatures
• 2 houses
• Elected by voters (white men)
• House of Burgesses (1619) first body in the New
  World - VA

Ch 3 sec 1
31
Colonial Government

• Idea of self government came from the Mayflower
  Compact
• Puritans wrote document while on the ship
• Salutary Neglect
• England let the colonists govern themselves

32
Colonial Women

• Women
• Second class citizens no voting or education
• More freedom then in England

33
Colonial Slaves

• Middle passage taken from Africa and sent by
  ship to America
• Southern Colonies worked in rice tobacco
  fields
• Middle Colonies worked in the fields -had more
  contact with whites
• -sometimes trained in a craft

34
Colonial Slaves

• Stono Rebellion Slave rebellion in SC
• -Sometimes slaves did try to gain their freedom
• Culture
• Baskets, pottery, music, dance, language
  (gullah), stories

35
New England

• Read Chapter 2 section 3
• 1. What type of person settled New England?
  (country, religion, career)
• 2. What was the City on the Hill? Explain what
  that means
• 3. Who could vote in the Massachusetts Bay
  Colony?
• 4. Who founded the colony of Rhode Island and
  why?
• 5. What was the immediate effects of King
  Philips War?

36
New England

• Who?
• Puritans religious group who became known as
  Pilgrims
• Est. Plymouth

Ch 2 sec 3
37
New England

• Where?
• -Plymouth Colony (In 1620 -2nd permanent colony)
• -Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630)
• -Boston was the port and capital
• -Mayflower Compact - established self
  government
• -Rhode Island
• -Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson disagreed
  with Puritans in Mass so broke off
• -They believed in separation of church and
  state
• -Connecticut Thomas Hooker left Mass because of
  representation
• -Est. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut power
  comes from people put limits on govt
• -New Hampshire settled by Puritans

Ch 2 sec 3
38
New England

• Economy
• -Shipbuilding, trade, fishing, transported
  goods..
• -Smaller farming for families
• -Boston, Mass Urban center for shopping

39
New England

• Society
• -Church was the center of life
• -Salem Witch Trials
• -1692 tried to kill all the witches who were
  possessed by the devil
• -Public Education
• -literacy in order to read the Bible
• -schools for towns over 50 people
• -generally for boys
• -Harvard and Yale

40
New England Answers

• Chapter 2 section 3
• What type of person settled New England?
  (country, religion, career)
• An English Puritan trying to clean the Anglican
  church. Typically wealthy white families
• 2. What was the City on the Hill? Explain what
  that means
• John Winthrop called Plymouth a City on a Hill
  because it would be a model society to the world
• It was the NEW England
• 3. Who could vote in the Massachusetts Bay
  Colony?
• Stockholders and any adult male that belonged to
  the Puritan Church
• 4. Who founded the colony of Rhode Island and
  why?
• Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson
• Both were kicked out of Massachusetts because
  they challenged the Puritans. Roger started the
  RI and Anne followed 2 years later. Set their
  colony up to have separation of church and state.
  
• 5. What was the immediate effects of King
  Philips War?
• Got rid of Native Americans in the Southeastern
  New England for 20 yrs (mounted leaders head)
• 1/10 of the military men were killed HUGE
  proportion

41
Middle Colonies

• Read Chapter 2 Section 4
• 1. What colony did the Dutch establish? What was
  its capital? What was it for?
• 2. Define a Quaker. How are they similar to
  Puritans?
• 3. Describe how New Netherland was diverse?
• 4. How did the Dutch lose its territory?
• 5. What type of government was established by
  William Penn?
• 6. Describe the relationship between Middle
  Colonist and Native Americans?

42
Middle Colonies

• -Most culturally diverse
• -Religious tolerance
• -NY, NJ, Pennsylvania, Delaware

Ch 2 sec 4
43
Middle Colonies

• New Netherland est. by the Dutch for fur trade
• England took over colony renamed it New York
• New Amsterdam New York City

Ch 2 sec 4
44
Middle Colonies

• Economy
• -Farming
• -staple crops wheat, barley, rye
• Bread Colonies
• -Fur trade
• -Commerce
• -big cities New York Philadelphia

45
Middle Colonies

• Society
• -Home of the Quakers
• -religious group that promoted equality,
  non- violence
• -led by William Penn (from England)
• -Pennsylvania religious tolerance
• -immigrants from ALL over
• -Social classes formed
• -upper merchants
• -middle craftsman, retailers, businesses
• -Lower sailors, artisans

46
Middle Colonies - Answers

• What colony did the Dutch establish? What was its
  capital? What was it for?
• New Netherland with the capital of New Amsterdam.
  (later will be known as New York)
• It was established for the Dutch to have a fur
  trade.
• 2. Define a Quaker. How are they similar to
  Puritans?
• Radical Protestants that wanted to form a society
  of friends. Quakers did NOT have ministers.
  Both believed in a personal experience of God.
• 3. Describe how New Netherland was diverse?
• Dutch, Germans, French, Scandinavians and other
  Europeans came. Also Africans (free and slaves)
• 4. How did the Dutch loose its territory?
• England took it over and est. New York
  Problems with Iroquois and Dutch
• 5. What type of government was established by
  William Penn?
• Representative
• 6. Describe the relationship between Middle
  Colonist and Native Americans?
• It was a good relationship because the colonists
  treated the Native Americans fairly and so they
  in return respected the colonists. Lived together
  in harmony.

47
Southern

• Maryland, VA, NC,
• SC, GA

Ch 3 sec 2
48
Southern

• Where and Who?
• -English, German, Scot-Irish
• Virginia
• named for the Virgin Queen Elizabeth 1
• Jamestown (1607 -1st successful colony!!)
• Founded by a English joint-stock company looking
  for GOLD (almost starved to death)
• John Smith and Pocahontas!
• Tobacco was successful crop demanded a need for
  LABOR

Ch 3 sec 2
49
Southern

• Where and Who?
• 2. Maryland
• -English Catholics
• -Lord Baltimore
• 3. Carolina
• 8 proprietors given a gift from king
• Split in N and S in 1680
• 4. Georgia
• -England to put prisoners/debtors

Ch 3 sec 2
50
Southern

• Economy
• Staple Crops
• Tobacco ,Rice, indigo
• Plantation System huge farms to raise cash
  crops
• No big towns
• Manual Labor
• Indentured Servants work up to 7 years in
  exchange for the trip to America
• Slaves people owned like property
• Native Americans didnt work as well and could
  run away

Ch 3 sec 2
51
Southern

• Society
• Classes
• -Upper Class gentry
• -poor farmers
• -slaves
• -No Public Education for awhile
• -home school or sent to Europe
• -Religion
• -Rich landowners remained part of the Church of
  England

Ch 3 sec 2