European Nations Settle North America

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Chapter 20

• Section 2
• European Nations Settle North America

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Other European Claims in North America

• French
• English
• Dutch

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Explorers Establish New France

• Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec
• New France - French colony in North America
• New France includes Great Lakes and Mississippi
  River valley

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A Trading Empire

• New France is very large but has few inhabitants
• Main activity of the colony is the fur trade

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Beaver Pelts and More
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The English Arrive in North America

• The First English Colony
• King James permits investors to start North
  American colony
• 1607 colonists found Jamestown English
  settlement in Virginia

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• The Settlement at Jamestown
• Early years very difficult
• Many die, but settlement takes hold

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• Puritans Create a New England
• Pilgrims group persecuted for religion found
  Plymouth in 1620
• Puritans group seeking religious freedom
  settle in Massachusetts
• Many families in Massachusetts colony, which
  begins to grow

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• The Dutch Found New Netherland
• 1609 Henry Hudson explores waterways for Dutch
• Dutch claim land, found New Netherland now
  Albany and New York City
• Dutch focus on fur trade welcome settlers from
  other lands

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• Colonizing the Caribbean
• European nations also start colonies in Caribbean
• Large cotton, sugar plantations worked by
  enslaved Africans

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The Struggle for North America

• The English Oust the Dutch
• New Netherland splits northern, southern English
  colonies
• 1664 English force Dutch colonists to surrender
  control
• 1750 about 1.2 million English settlers in 13
  colonies

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• England Battles France
• English settlers, pushing west, collide with
  French possessions
• French and Indian War part of Seven Years War
  begins 1754
• 1763 France loses to Britain, gives up its
  American colonies

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Native Americans Respond

• A Strained Relationship
• French and Dutch fur traders get along well with
  Native Americans
• English settlers and Native Americans disagree
  over land, religion

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• Settlers and Native Americans Battle
• Hostility often breaks out into war
• Native American ruler Metacom launches attacks on
  colonists in 1675
• Natives Fall to Disease
• Wars are less deadly to Native Americans than
  European diseases
• Colonists use enslaved African to work in place
  of Native Americans