Green Chemistry

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????? ???/???
??????
Green Chemistry
?????
????? H2O
??? ????
???? ????
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?????? ??????

• ??????? ???????????(steam cracking)??,????800oC,?
  ??????????? (CO2, NOx etc) C2H6 H2O ? C2H4 H2
• ??? ??????????(catalytic autothermal
  oxydehydrogenation CAO),??? ??????,??????????????
  ? ????NOx, CO2?????????,?????C2H6 O2 ? C2H4
  H2O

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??????

• ????? ???????,??????????(steam reforming) CH4
  H2O ? CO 3 H2 ??????? CO 2 H2 ? CH3OH???
  ???,??????
• ??? (???) ??????(Pt complex in H2O or
  CO2),????????????????????????,????,???????????2
  CH4 O2 ? 2 CH3OH

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????????

• Syngas ???????, ??methanol ?? or
  Fischer-Tropsch process
• ????? steam reforming of methane CH4 H2O ? CO
  3 H2 ?H 206 kJ/mol (298oK) capital and
  energy intensive process
• ?????? partial oxidation (dry process) of
  methane CH4 ½ O2 ? CO 2H2 ?H - 36 kJ/mol
  ?????? ?????cryogenic process
• ???? ??membrane reactor ? ?O2??????????,
  ??????? ..(???)

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????????

• ?? ??,??,????,??????,??????
• ???phenol???polyphenol (phenol polymer),????????
  30???,???????????,?????,??????,???,??????,????????
  ?????Novalac???????? ??HCHO,????????????????,????
  ???

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????????

• Glucose ? 1,3 propanediol (1,3 PDO) PDO???PTT,
  PU???????????????????,????????????,??,????????,???
  ?PDO?
• ?? ? ??lactic acid (????????? polylactide),???????
  ,??????????(??,????),??????

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??????, 9(12), 133, 2001
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• Renewable resources ???????????????(biomass),????
  ?????,??????????,???????????????
• ????????? ?????(50-75),???(lt25),????extractives
  (lt5)????????,??????5 or 6 ????,???????
• ???succinic acid ???????????,???????,???,????????
  ??????????????????????????,????????????????????

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??????

• ??????,???????
• ???? ethyl lactate ??????,????CFC,????????????????
  ????
• ????PC polycarbonate??????(phosgene),??????????,??
  ???,???dimethyl carbonate,???diphenly
  carbonate,????PC???

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????????

• ?????, ?????, ??????, ??????
• ???????? ??????, ????????????100?, ????????,
  ????, ??, ??, ??, ??, ???, ??????????? ????????,
  ????????????, ????, ???????.
• ?? (a) ????????, ???????????????? (b)
  ??????????????? (c) ?????????? ??

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???????

• PC ??????, ??, ???, impact resistance???
• ???? ????, ?????(CH2Cl2), ??????
• ??????????

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• ??????
• toxic phosgene
• ????????
• ???Cl??
• Source ACS 626, 20-32, 1996

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• ??(Melt process) ??
• ???, ???????
• Phenol?????, ????????
• ?????(280-310oC), ???, ???????

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Asashi process solid state polymerization
???? (??????)