Ch. 7, Lesson 2 Personal Health: Dental Health

1
Ch. 7, Lesson 2 Personal Health Dental Health

• Group 5 Imelda Charles, Nikia James,
• Maria Thompson, Gabriella Wrves-Cartaya

2
Demographics

• Elementary School
• 5th Graders
• Males Females
• Ages 10-11 years
• 46 students

3
Anatomy of a Tooth

• Crown
• Gum line
• Root
• Enamel
• Dentin
• Pulp

4
Crown

• Crown the top part of the tooth, and the only
  part you can normally see. The shape of the crown
  determines the tooth's function. For example,
  front teeth are sharp and chisel-shaped for
  cutting, while molars have flat surfaces for
  grinding.

5
Gum line

• Gum line where the tooth and the gums meet.
  Without proper brushing and flossing, plaque and
  tartar can build up at the gum line, leading to
  gingivitis and gum disease

6
Root

• Root the part of the tooth that is embedded in
  bone. The root makes up about two-thirds of the
  tooth and holds the tooth in place.

7
Enamel

• Enamel the outermost layer of the tooth. Enamel
  is the hardest, most mineralized tissue in the
  body yet it can be damaged by decay if teeth
  are not cared for properly.

8
Dentin

• Dentin the layer of the tooth under the enamel.
  If decay is able to progress its way through the
  enamel, it next attacks the dentin where
  millions of tiny tubes lead directly to the
  dental pulp.

9
Pulp

• Pulp the soft tissue found in the center of all
  teeth, where the nerve tissue and blood vessels
  are. If tooth decay reaches the pulp, you usually
  feel pain.

10
Types of Teeth

• Incisors the sharp, chisel-shaped front teeth
  (four upper, four lower) used for cutting food.
• Canines sometimes called cuspids, these teeth
  are shaped like points (cusps) and are used for
  tearing food.

11
Types of Teeth Cont.

• Premolars these teeth have two pointed cusps on
  their biting surface and are sometimes referred
  to as bicuspids. The premolars are for crushing
  and tearing.
• Molars used for grinding, these teeth have
  several cusps on the biting surface

12
Types of Teeth

• A Incisors
• B Canines
• C Premolars
• D Molars

13
Activity

• Our Teeth
• Match the name with the correct teeth.
• Create your own Mouth

14
What is Good Oral Hygiene?
15

• Good oral hygiene results in a mouth that looks
  and smells healthy. This means
• Your teeth are clean and free of debris
• Gums are pink and do not hurt or bleed when you
  brush or floss
• Bad breath is not a constant problem

16
American Dental Association

• Recommends
• Brushing your teeth twice a day with an
  ADA-accepted fluoride toothpaste
• Clean between teeth daily with floss.
• Eat a balanced diet and limit between-meal snacks
  
• Visit your dentist regularly

17
What is Plaque?

• Your teeth are covered with a sticky film of
  bacteria called plaque.
• Some types of plaque cause tooth decay (cavities)
• Other types of plaque cause gum disease.
• Dental plaque is difficult to see unless its
  stained.

18
Plaque Continued.

• Sugary foods are not only to blame.
• Starches, such as bread cereal, also cause
  acids to form.
• If you snack often, your teeth may be prone to
  decay.

19
Plaque Cont.

• Plaque also produces substances that irritate the
  gums, making them red, tender or bleed easily.
• In fact, periodontal (gum) disease is a main
  cause of tooth loss in adults.

20
Dental Disease Facts

• Although dental caries is largely preventable, it
  remains the most common chronic disease of
  children aged 5 to 17 years five times more
  common than asthma.
• 6 out of 10 children in the US have one or more
  decayed or filled primary teeth by age five.

21
What is a Cavity?

• A cavity develops when a tooth decays or breaks
  down.
• A cavity is a hole that can grow bigger and
  deeper over time.
• Cavities are also called dental caries, and if
  you have a cavity, it's
  important to get it
  repaired.

22
Cavities Continued.

• Left untreated, the plaque produces acids that
  eat holes through the enamel into the underlying
  dentin and pulp layers of the tooth.
• This does cause pain and left untreated the
  cavity will eventually destroy dentin, pulp and
  tooth nerve.

23
Gum Disease

• Is also known as Periodontal Disease.
• It includes gingivitis periodontitis.
• Periodontal disease is a chronic bacterial
  infection that affects the gums and bone
  supporting the teeth.
• It begins when the bacteria
• in plaque causes the gums to
• become inflamed.

24
Gingivitis

• In the mildest form of the disease, gingivitis,
  the gums redden, swell and bleed easily.
• There is usually little or no discomfort.
• It is often caused by inadequate oral hygiene.
• It is reversible with professional treatment and
  good oral home care.

25
Periodontitis

• Untreated gingivitis can advance to
  periodontitis. With time, plaque can spread and
  grow below the gum line.
• Gums separate from the teeth, forming spaces
  between the teeth and gums that become infected.

26
Periodontitis Continued...

• As the disease progresses, the pockets deepen and
  more gum tissue and bone are destroyed.
• Often, periodontitis has very mild symptoms.
• Eventually, teeth can become loose and may have
  to be removed.

27
Causes of Gum Disease

• The main cause of periodontal disease is
  bacterial plaque.
• However other factors affect the health of the
  gums such as
• Genetics
• Stress
• Poor Nutrition
• Clenching/Grinding your teeth

28
Importance of Brushing Flossing

• The purpose of both brushing and flossing is to
  reduce the number of bacteria which inhabit our
  mouths.

29
Brushing Your Teeth
30
Flossing Your Teeth
31
Choosing the Right Products

• Toothbrush
• Small-headed, soft-bristled
• The best toothbrush is one that fits your mouth
  and allows you to reach all teeth easily.
• You can also use a powered toothbrush
• Should be changed every 3 months

32

• Toothpaste
• When buying toothpaste look for one that contains
  fluoride and tastes good. Some toothpastes also
  are approved by the American Dental Association
  (ADA).

33

• Mouthwash Fluoride
• Mouthwash freshens breath, but does nothing to
  clean teeth.
• Fluoride mouth rinse coats teeth with fluoride,
  which helps prevent cavities
• It is typically used once or twice a day if you
  are cavity prone.

34

• Floss
• There are 2 types of floss Nylon PTFE
  (monofilament) floss
• Single filament (PTFE) floss slides easily
  between teeth, even those with tight spaces
  between teeth.
• When used properly, both types of floss are
  excellent at removing plaque and debris.

35
Choosing the Right Foods
36
Dentist Visits

• Most visits are checkups which should be done
  every 6 months.
• Checkups include a complete cleaning
• Using special instruments, a dentist will scrape
  below the gumline, removing built-up plaque
  tartar that can cause gum disease, cavities, bad
  breath other problems.

37
Dental Visits Continued

• Your dentist will perform a thorough examination
  of your mouth.
• His/her goal is to help maintain your good oral
  health and to prevent problems from becoming
  serious, by identifying and treating them as soon
  as possible.

38
Review
ADA.org To Tell the Tooth