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Living Well With Diabetes

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Title: Living Well With Diabetes


1
Living Well with Diabetes
Lesson 5 Living Well With Diabetes
2
The Bad News
  • People with diabetes are at risk for a variety of
    problems
  • Problems can develop years after initial
    diagnosis
  • More likely to have
  • Heart attack, stroke, eye problems, kidney
    disease, foot or leg amputation, frequent
    infections, sexual problems

3
And The Good News
  • Diabetes complications do not have to occur
  • People with diabetes can live long, healthful and
    productive lives

4
Three Keys To Living Well with Diabetes
  • Education
  • Early Detection
  • Regular Doctor/Health Care Team Visits

5
EDUCATION
  • Learn as much as you can about diabetes and its
    complications
  • How
  • What
  • Why

6
EARLY DETECTION
  • Learn earliest signs and symptoms of potential
    problems
  • Know your lab test results
  • Keep track of changes

7
REGULAR OFFICE VISITS
  • Make regular office visits with your diabetes
    care team
  • Set up a 3-month schedule and STICK TO IT!
  • Contact immediately if you are having problems
  • Working together strong prevention team

8
Keep A Check
  • At least once a year
  • Physical exam
  • Cholesterol
  • Triglycerides
  • Microalbumin
  • Feet exam
  • Dilated eye exam
  • Flu shot
  • Every 5 years
  • Pneumonia vaccine
  • Every Office Visit
  • Blood glucose
  • Blood pressure
  • Weight
  • Review meal plan
  • Discuss concerns
  • At least every 3-6 months
  • A-1-C

9
Who Should Be On Your Team?
  • Doctor
  • Diabetes educator
  • Dietitian
  • Pharmacist
  • Nurse
  • Foot doctor
  • Eye doctor
  • Mental health counselor
  • Nurse practitioner
  • Dentist
  • Social worker
  • Family and friends

10
How Do Problems Start?
  • Blood glucose levels consistently exceed 140
    mg/dl
  • Physiological changes occur and affect organs and
    body functions
  • Having high glucose levels for long term leads to
    complications
  • Nerve damage, eye damage, kidney disease, dental
    problems, foot problems, etc.

11
Take Care of Your Heart
  • Ask your doctor these questions
  • What are my blood glucose, blood pressure and
    cholesterol numbers?
  • What should they be?
  • What actions should I take to reach these goals?

12
Take Action Now To Reduce Heart Disease
  • Eat the right amounts of foods for your meal plan
  • Eat foods prepared with less salt and less fat
  • Get at least 30 minutes of physical activity
    every day
  • Maintain a healthy weight

13
Take Action Now To Reduce Heart Disease
  • Stop smoking seek help
  • Take medicines the way your doctor tells you to
    take them
  • Ask your family and friends to help

14
Seeing After Your Eyes
  • Have eyes checked at least once a year
  • Tell your eye doctor if you
  • See spots
  • See poorly in dim light
  • Have eye pain
  • Or any other eye problem

15
Keeping Your Kidneys Fit
  • Get yearly screening for microalbumin
  • Keep blood glucose tightly controlled
  • Keep blood pressure in check
  • Avoid medications that can damage kidneys
  • Say no to nicotine
  • Go easy on protein
  • Use preventive medications when needed

16
Taking Care of Your Tootsies
  • Wear comfortable shoes and
  • clean, properly fitting thick socks
  • Wash your feet daily with lukewarm soapy water
    and dry well, especially between toes
  • Keep feet soft by using lotion after a bath or
    shower
  • Inspect daily cuts, scratches, redness or swelling

17
Taking Care of Your Tootsies
  • Call health care provider if wound does not heal
  • Wear shoes with good support or diabetic shoes,
    if possible
  • Never go barefoot, even inside your home
  • Never, ever, do bathroom surgery on your own feet
  • See a podiatrist for foot care (surgery, trimming
    nails, medications)

18
Dont Deny Your Dental Care
  • Brush and floss your teeth daily
  • Have your teeth cleaned every 3 to 6 months
  • If you notice any problems, tell your dentist

19
Your Sick Day Plan
  • When to call your physician
  • Fever
  • Uncontrolled vomiting or diarrhea
  • High ketone count
  • Glucose levels above 240
  • Do not know what to do

20
Things to Do
  • Take your medicines for diabetes
  • Make sure to check blood sugar often
  • Try to eat and drink according to your meal plan
    as much as possible
  • 50 grams carbohydrates every 3-4 hours
  • Write down blood sugar levels, ketone levels,
    what you eat and medicines taken!!!

21
Handy Sick Day Foods
  • Gatorade
  • Milk
  • Soup
  • Fruit juice
  • Regular soft drinks
  • Crackers
  • Dry toast
  • Cooked cereal
  • Frozen yogurt, sherbet
  • Sugar-free pudding
  • Mashed potatoes
  • Regular pudding
  • Custard
  • Peanut butter

22
Be Food Safe
23
4 Basic Steps . . .
  • Clean
  • Separate
  • Cook
  • Chill

24
Clean
  • Wash hands and surfaces often

25
Separate
  • Dont cross-contaminate

26
Cook
  • Cook to proper temperatures

27
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28
Chill
  • Refrigerate promptly

29
Making Wise Food Choices
  • Foods most likely to contain pathogens include
  • Uncooked fresh fruits and vegetables
  • Animal products

30
Type of Food Higher Risk Lower Risk
Meat, Poultry Seafood Raw or undercooked Cooked to safe temperature
Milk Unpasteurized Pasteurized
Eggs Raw or undercooked Pasteurized
Sprouts Raw Cooked
Vegetables/Fruits Unwashed Washed
Cheese Soft Hard/processed/pasteurized
Hot Dogs/Deli Meats Not reheated Reheated
31
Tips for Safe Shopping
  • Check the sell by date.
  • Put raw meat, poultry or seafood in plastic bags.
  • Buy only pasteurized milk, cheese, dairy products
    and juices.
  • Keep it safe when buying eggs.
  • Dont buy food displayed in unsafe or unclean
    conditions.

32
Transportation Issues
  • Pick up perishable foods last.
  • Follow the 2 hour rule.
  • Consider a cooler.

33
Dining Out
  • Ask about uncooked ingredients.
  • Request a safe minimum temperature.
  • To minimize your risk of getting a foodborne
    illness it is wise to avoid restaurant buffets.
  • Keep the doggy bag safe.

34
Uh Oh . . .
  • Know the symptoms
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Fever

35
I Dont Think Were in Kansas Anymore . . .
  • Preparing for Emergencies

36
Before the Storm
  • Prepare a waterproof insulated emergency kit
    including standard emergency supplies plus
  • At least 3 days of diabetes supplies
  • Carbohydrate source along with water and food
  • A list of emergency contacts and medications
  • Prescription bottles or numbers so you can
    replace medications at a pharmacy, if needed
  • Cooler with at least 4 re-freezable gel packs for
    storing insulin (if youre using insulin)

37
Play It Safe
  • Consider wearing medical identification.
  • Identify school personnel to help with children.
  • Wear sturdy shoes.
  • Pack 2 to 3 days of extra clothing.
  • Keep immunizations up to date.
  • Keep your cell phone charged.
  • Have a plan.

38
During the Storm
  • Identify yourself as a person with diabetes.
  • Drink plenty of water.
  • Watch what you eat and carry a fast source of
    sugar with you at all times.
  • Stick with your testing and medication schedule.
  • Check your feet!

39
Have Diabetes. Will Travel.
40
Plan Ahead
  • Have a medical exam
  • Control your ABCs
  • Ask for prescription and letter explaining
    medications, supplies and allergies
  • Acquire medical identification
  • Learn to say I have diabetes and sugar or
    orange juice, please in the language of the
    countries if traveling abroad

41
Plan Ahead
  • Plan for time zone changes
  • Find out flight times, and if meals will be
    served, ask for special meal
  • Always carry enough food to cover flight time and
    delays

42
Travel Preparations
  • Take twice the amount of medication and supplies
    you need normally pack at least half in carry-on
    bag
  • Carry-on bag
  • All the insulin and syringes you will need for
    trip
  • Blood and urine testing supplies
  • Extra batteries for glucose meter
  • All oral medications
  • Other medications or medical supplies
  • Your ID and medical identification
  • Emergency snacks

43
Travel Preparations
  • Keep insulin cool by packing in insulated bag
    with refrigerated gel packs.
  • Pack a first-aid kit.
  • Dont forget a sharps container.
  • Notify airport security that you have diabetes.
  • Have all medications and delivery systems clearly
    marked with prescription labels intact.

44
You Can Be Your Own Worst Enemy . . .
  • or Your Own Best Friend

45
Acceptance of Diagnosis
Depression
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Acceptance
46
Worst Enemies
  • Im tired and this is how I relax.
  • These foods taste good.
  • I eat more when I am stressed.
  • I dont want to think about whether foods are
    healthful or not.
  • I dont want to face my diabetes.
  • Everyone is nagging me.
  • I dont want to worry my family.
  • Its too hard to make it to the doctor.

47
Best Friends
  • I want to protect my family from losing me.
  • I am ready to face reality and do something about
    my diabetes.
  • I am willing to try something new.
  • I am willing to take charge and to take action.
  • I am willing to ask for help.
  • My family is important to me, and they can help.
  • I should share what I am feeling with my family.

48
Are You Ready to Change???
  • Precontemplation
  • Contemplation
  • Preparation
  • Action
  • Maintenance

49
How Can I Be My Best Friend?
  • Tell yourself you can do it.
  • Pat yourself on the back for positive changes.
  • Ask for help when you need it and share your
    fears.
  • Seek out positive people.
  • Believe that you deserve to have a healthy body.
  • Dont beat up on yourself.
  • Dont let yourself get away with excuses.

50
How Can I Help My Family Member?
  • Learn about diabetes.
  • Understand your loved ones diabetes.
  • Find out what your loved one needs.
  • Talk about your feelings.
  • Offer practical help.
  • Try a new approach.
  • Get help.

51
Diabetes Does Not Control Me
  • I Control My Diabetes

52
References
  • American Diabetes Association
  • National Diabetes Education Program
  • The Diabetic Bible by Dana Armstrong and Allen
    Bennett King
  • Diabetes Life Lines The University of Georgia
    Cooperative Extension
  • U. S. Food and Drug Administration
  • U. S. Department of Agricultures Food Safety and
    Inspection Service
  • Diabetes Prevention and Control Program
  • Journey for ControlAdvancing Diabetes Education
    by Merck and Company

53
Living Well With Diabetes
Prepared By Terri Crawford, Extension Agent,
Nutrition, Northeast Region Cathy Agan,
Extension Agent, FNP Ouachita Parish
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