pearlin - stress process differences with srrs stress

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MODERN SOCIAL THEORY
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PEARLIN - STRESS PROCESS
STRESSORS
MEDIATORS
OUTCOME
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DIFFERENCES WITH SRRS
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(No Transcript)
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STRESSORS
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STRESS PROCESS

• 1. MUST LOOK AT CONTEXT AND MEANING

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DIMENSIONS OF STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS

• DESIRED VS. NOT DESIRED
• UNEXPECTED VS. EXPECTED
• POSITIVE VS. NEGATIVE PREEXISTING CONTEXT OF
  EVENT
• NEGATIVE POST-EVENT CONTEXT
• SECONDARY STRESSORS

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STRESS PROCESS (CONT.)

• 2. EVENTS NOT ISOLATED BUT EMBEDDED IN SOCIAL
  POSITIONS GENDER, SOCIAL CLASS, ETHNIC
• 3. EVENTS NOT ISOLATED BUT INTERCONNECTED -
  STESS PROLIFERATION - PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
  STRESSORS
• 4. EMPHASIZES SOCIAL ROLES - OVERLOAD,
  CONFLICT, CAPTIVITY

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NEW CATEGORIES OF STRESSORS (WHEATON)

• 1. CHRONIC STRESSORS
• 2. LIFETIME TRAUMAS
• 3. DAILY HASSLES
• 4. DISASTERS

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DISASTERS

• 9/11 30 MDD or PTSD over next month
• Almost all had some symptoms
• Transient few had disorder after 6 months
• Cambodian refugees 50 had MDD after 20 years
• Social cause of chronic disorder

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MEDIATORS
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MEDIATORS

• WHY SOME PEOPLE WITH MANY STRESSORS HAVE LOW
  DISTRESS
• WHY SOME PEOPLE WITH FEW STRESSORS HAVE HIGH
  DISTRESS

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MEDIATORS (TURNER)

• SOCIAL RESOURCES
• 1. SUPPORT - BEING CARED FOR, BELONGING, WANTED
• ONE INTIMATE
• STRONG FAMILY TIES, RELIGION
• 2. MATERIAL SUPPORT

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SOCIAL COMPARISON

• STRESSFULNESS DEPENDS ON REFERENCE GROUP
• INCOME
• PARAPLEGICS
• DOWNWARD COMPARISONS BETTER THAN UPWARD
  COMPARISONS

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CONTROL

• ACTIVE COPING BETTER THAN PASSIVE COPING (MASTERY
  VS. FATALISM)

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OUTCOMES
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OUTCOMES

• STANDARDIZED SCALES LIKE CES-D
• CONTINUOUS FROM MILD TO SEVERE
• INDICATOR OF DISTRESS
• GENERAL NOT DIAGNOSTIC

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TREATMENT
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TREATMENT

• ONLY THEORY WITH NO DIRECT TREATMENT ASPECT
• CHANGE ENVIRONMENT
• MUCH DISTRESS TRANSIENT (9-11)
• IMPORTANCE OF INFORMAL SUPPORT

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CRITICISMS OF SOCIAL

• IGNORES HOW MENTAL SYMPTOMS ARE DEEPLY ROOTED IN
  INDIVIDUALS NOT SITUATIONS
• NOT GOOD FOR EXPLAINING MOST SERIOUS TYPES OF
  MENTAL ILLNESS
• UNSPECIFIC TREATMENT COMPONENT

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STRENGTHS

• BETTER AT EXPLAINING DISTRESS THAN PARTICULAR
  MENTAL ILLNESSES
• BETTER AT LOOKING AT GROUP, RATHER THAN AT
  INDIVIDUAL, DIFFERENCES
• EMPHASIS ON EXTERNAL AND CURRENT CAUSES OF
  DISTRESS