Islam in Russia

1
Islam in Russia
2
Russia and Islam

• the Moslem population of the RF vary from 15 to
  21 million.
• Russia - an Euroasian country, the country of
  Christian-Islamic dualism.
• For Russia it is a part of the way of life of
  many millions of Russian Moslems that have
  been living in Russia for centuries, for whom
  Russia isnt a temporary refuge but the native
  home.

3
Islam as a religion

• The religion of Islam is the
  acceptance of and obedience to
  the teachings of God which He revealed
  to His last prophet, Muhammad 

4
Islam as a religion

• The notions of justice, solidarity and tolerance
  are central to the Koran and to Muslim
  ethics.
• The very name Islam - the Arabic root word
  'salama' - peace. Islam is based upon achieving
  peace through the submission to
• the will of Allah
• Islam is a religion of peaceable and orderly
  people

5
Terrorism Strikes RussiaSummary of the Attacks
from August 24 to September 3, 2004
6
Russia Plane BombingsAugust 24, 2004
Two Russian civilian aircrafts on domestic
flights originating from Moscows Domodedovo
Airport crashed within minutes of each other at
approximately 2300 (local time) According to
open sources, the Russian Security Service, FSB,
claim that one female suicide bomber on each
plane was able to detonate an improvised
explosive device (IED) in mid-air, killing all 90
passengers and crew. No information is available
on how the IED was smuggled on the plane. No
Americans were on the flights Islambouli
Brigades claimed responsibility for the attack
Russians officials are investigating two
Chechen women as the main perpetrators
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Russia Plane BombingsAugust 24, 2004

• Media reports indicate two female terrorists
  boarded the aircrafts at Moscows Domodedovo
  Airport and may have smuggled explosives without
  detection or were able to detonate the explosives
  pre-placed on the plane by an insider (No M.O.
  has been confirmed)
• Volga AviaExpress Flight 1303, a Tupelov-134 en
  route to Volgograd, was found in the Tula region,
  about 100 miles south of Moscow, after
  disappearing from radar at about 2056 hrs
• Sibir Airlines Flight 1047, a Tupolev-154 bound
  for the Black Sea resort Sochi, disappeared from
  radar over the Rostov-on-Don region, about 500
  miles south of Moscow near Russia's border with
  Ukraine, minutes after the first jet crashed
• The Federal Security Service, or FSB, reported
  traces of the explosive Hexogen, commonly known
  as RDX, at both crash sites
• Witnesses report seeing explosions in midair

8
Sibir Airlines Flight 1047
Volga AviaExpress Flight 1303
Destinations
9
Russia Plane BombingsSuicide Bombing Suspects

• The FSB suspects that two Chechen females,
  Amanat Nagayeva, 30, and Satsita Dzhebirkhanova,
  37, carried out the attacks. Passports for
  Nagayeva and Dzhebirkhanova were found at the
  crash sites in the Tula and Rostov regions, but
  their remains have not been identified
• The Moscow Times reported that Russian law
  enforcement are on-the-look-out for additional
  suspects including Roza Nagayeva (the Subway
  bombing suspect), Imam Nagayeva, and Maryam
  Taburova. The two plane bombing suspects shared
  a Grozny (Chechnya) apartment with Roza and
  Maryam.
• The Moscow Times reports that four of the women
  are believed to have traveled to Moscow in August
  to carry out suicide attacks.

10
Suicide Bombing Strikes MoscowAugust 31, 2004
11
At approximately 2015 hrs (local time) a female
suicide bomber detonated an improvised explosive
near the Rizhskaya (Riga) metro station in
northeast Moscow Various media reports confirm
10 casualties and 51 injuries 49 were
hospitalized (No AMCITS reported) Police said
the explosion was adjacent to the Rizhskaya
(Riga) subway station and Krestovsky department
store The bomb caused significant facility
damage to the metro station entrance - shattering
doors and windows as well as igniting 2 vehicles
A female suicide bomber from Chechnya was
identified in the attack
12

• Press reports claim that a 29 year-old Chechen
  woman, Roza Nagayeva, blew herself up outside of
  the Rizhskaya station
• Roza is the sister of Amanat Nagayeva, the
  woman suspected of detonating the blast on board
  a Volga-AviaExpress Flight 1303, which crashed
  near Tula on August 24
• The Moscow Times reported that Russian law
  enforcement recently distributed photos of five
  suspected Chechen rebels including the two plane
  bombing suspects Amanat Nagayeva and Satsita
  Dzhebirkhanova Imam Nagayeva Maryam Taburova
  and Roza Nagayeva
• The Moscow Times reports that four of the
  women are believed to have traveled to Moscow in
  August to carry out suicide attacks
• Roza shared an apartment in Groznyy (Chechnya)
  with her sister, Dzhebirkhanova and Taburova

13
Possible Motives for the Attack
Retaliation attacks for the Kremlin-backed
Chechen Presidential Elections held on August 29.
Former Chechen President Akhmed Kadyrov, also
backed by Russia, was assassinated by Chechen
Rebels in October 2003 Possibly to undermine
stability in Chechnya, as Russian President
Vladimir Putin refuses negotiation with Chechen
Rebels Russian officials claim a possible
connection between Chechen Rebels and al-Qaeda
Putin has suggested the August 24 plane bombings
are tied to international terrorism
14
Female Suicide Bombers Black Widows
Who?
Chechen females who carry out suicide bombings
missions in revenge or desperation for losing
husbands, brothers or fathers who were affiliated
with Chechen rebels Woman ideologically
indoctrinated by Chechen-based Islamic
extremists They may be socially marginalized or
ostracized by family members They may be
motivated by financial compensation
Chechen woman are able to move around more freely
and inconspicuously than Chechen men They have
a tactical advantage by wearing long, loose
clothing to hide weapons
Why?

• Social customs may preclude male security guards
  from thoroughly searching Muslim woman

15
Russian School SiegeSeptember 1, 2004
September 3, 2004
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Overview
Approximately 17 35 masked men and women with
explosives and automatic weapons, seized a school
in North Ossetia holding over 1,000 civilians
hostages, including over 200 children The
attackers threatened to kill 50 children for
every one of their own killed and 20 for every
one wounded The rebels provided a set of
demands including the immediate withdrawal and
end of operations of federal troops from
Chechnya and the release of rebels arrested in
raids on Ingushetia in June 2003 The New York
Times reported that the attackers claimed to be
part of "The Second Group of Salakhin Riadus
Shakhidi, affiliated to Chechen warlord Shamil
Basayev There were over 100 casualties and 500
wounded
17
The Russian authorities are blaming Chechen
separatists, who have been fighting for
independence from Moscow for the past decade
The New York Times reported that a spokesman for
the attackers said they were part of "The Second
Group of Salakhin Riadus Shakhidi." Salakhin
Riadus Shakhidi is a battalion of suicide
fighters formed and headed by Chechen warlord
Shamil Basayev Itar-Tass reported that the
attack had been planned by Shamil Basayev and led
by field commander Magomet Yevloyev. The source
said there was information that it had been
financed by Abu Omar As-Seyf, who was believed to
be al-Qaeda's representative in Chechnya Chechen
rebel leader Aslan Maskhadov has denied that his
forces were involved in the siege, but did not
rule out a Basayev accomplice as being
responsible Additional reports also suggest that
Ingush rebels who attacked security forces in
Ingushetia in June or a North Ossetian-based
rebel group may also be the suspected terrorists
18

• Shamil Basayev, leader of the Chechen separatists
  and responsible for the Beslan school massacre,
  was killed by the Russian security forces. His
  organization is identified with Al-Qaeda and the
  global jihad. Hamas identifies with and is
  inspired by Chechen separatist ideology.
• Shamil Basayev2 was 41 at the time of his death.
  He was responsible for a number of serious
  terrorist attacks in Moscow (such as the takeover
  of the theatre in October 2002) and other
  locations in Russia, some carried out by suicide
  bombers, including women. The most deadly attack
  was the takeover of the school in Beslan on
  September 1, 2004, which ended in the deaths of
  more than 300 people, most of them school
  children held hostage.