Water Resources Management in Vietnam

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Water Resources Management in Vietnam
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Tasks and Roles of water resources management
department, Vietnam

• The Department of Water Resources Management
  (DWRM) has Functions to provide assistance to the
  Minister in implementing state management on
  water resources including rain water, surface
  water, ground water, and sea water within the
  territorial land and sea of the Socialist
  Republic of Vietnam.

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Powers and Responsibilities of DWRM
1. Develop legal documents, policies, strategies,
planning, long-term, 5-year and annualplans,
programs, 2. Develop processes, procedures,
standards, technical-economic norms on water
resourcesmanagement3. Submit to the Minister
for approval on assignment and delegation in
basic investigation onwater resources 4.
Develop measures on protection of water sources,
control of and prevention against water resources
deterioration and pollution5. Compile data,
manage results of basic investigations,
inventories and assessments of water resources
develop national water resources database and
information exchange system
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Powers and Responsibilities of DWRM(next)
6. Submit to the Minister to define authorities
and procedures on issuance, extension, revoke
licenses on surveying, exploration, exploitation
and utilization of water resources, and waste
water discharge permits7. Appraise projects and
works in areas of water resources basic
investigation, planning, plans and projects
related to protection, exploitation, utilization
and development of waterresources8.
International cooperation in water resources
areas9. Implement function as Office of National
Water Resources Council (NWWRC) was established
to advise the Government of Viet Nam on issues
related to water resources required Governments
approval.10. Inspect and deal with claims,
denunciations and disputes on water resources
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Water resources status in Viet Nam

• Annual average Rainfall (Xo) 1,960 mm
• Total annual discharge of all rivers is about
  840-850.109 m3, incoming flow volume from outside
  is 500-510 109 m3, total flow volume generated
  inside is about 340 109 m3 (40).
• The Mekong River's total runoff accounts for 59
  of the total national runoff, followed by the Red
  River with 14.9.
• VN has about 2,378 rivers over 10 km long which
  have a perennial flow, and 15 basins with an area
  of more than 2,500 km2 of which 10 river basins
  are of over 10,000 km2 in area. These account
  for 80 of the total area of Vietnam.

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Main river systems in VietNam
Basin over 10.000 km2 Basin 2.500 10.000 km2
Bang Giang - Ky Cung Thach Han
Hong (Red) and Thai binh Huong
Ma Tra Khuc
Ca Kone
Vu Gia - Thu Bon Gianh
Ba
Srepok
Se San
Dong Nai
Cuu Long
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The density of Water Utilization of 9 major river
basins in Viet Nam
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The density of Water Utilization of 9 major river
basins in Viet Nam (continue)
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The density of Water Utilization of 9 major river
basins in Viet Nam (continue)
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Water resources Management in Viet Nam
In the past - Promote of water demand -
Investment focus on water resources
infrastructures developmentPresent Management
of water utilization requirement include of -
Water quality management - Water quantity
management
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Legal documents on water resources

• The law on water resources(20/Aug/1998)
• Secondary legal documents
• The Decree on stipulating the implementation of
  the law on water resources (30/Dec/1999)
• The Decree on Water resource information
  management (19/Dec/2003)
• The Decree on Licensing for exploitation,
  utilization, use and discharge waste water
  (27/july/2004)
• The Decree Integrated river basin management
  (submitting)
• The Decree on sanctions against administrative
  violations of water resources management
  regulations (17/march/2005)
• The National strategy on water resources to 2020
  (14/Apr/2006)
• ..

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Challenges and Proposed measures on IWRM
There are still many shortcomings in terms
of planning, management, utilization and
protection of water resources in comparison with
country development needs A number of
water-related challenges have increased in recent
times, water quality is deteriorating in many
areas due to urban and industrial activities and
saline water intrusion is increasing as dry
season river flows are reduced, local and
seasonal shortages are increasing, causing
impacts on water users and environment. The
recently established DWRM operating in a complex
policy environment attempting to bring a
strategic approach to water resource management
but has limited experience in development policy
and planning activities for water
resourcesProposesNational Water Resources
Strategy National goals for waterWater resource
economics tools to river basin planning policy
development, and water resource protection,
management and allocations, etc...
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Background, issues, challenges(next)
Issues, challenges- Population increasing and
Industrialization- Policies and secondary
legislation under the Law on Water Resources are
not complete. the capacity to develop strong
policy and secondary legislation is limited.-
Some overlap of responsibilities among
Government Agencies.- Lack of integrated river
basin planning and management- Low Institutional
and capacity- Ineffective in Inspection and
enforcement and conflict resolution activities.-
Water resources data and information is still
scatted, Monitoring networks are insufficient,
data quality is not high - Level of awareness,
skills and technology for integrated water
resources management fairly low at both the
national and provincial level.- Budget for water
resources development and management is limited
and has not met the demand of the sector. - Lack
of long term financial strategy including state
budget, international assistance, private
investment and using fees.
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Vision and concrete action
- Developing National Strategy for Protection and
Sustainable Development of Water Resources of
which the National Goals for Water Resources is
one of the leading component of the National
Strategy.- Inventory appraisal for Water
resource - Review and update the Law on Water
Resources other By-law to create legal corridor
for water resources management. - Priority
policy in the water sector- Developing and
upgrading water Resources monitoring network-
Integrated river basins planning and Management,
- Long term financial investment strategy-
Information exchange network among the water
resources coordination and management agencies
for international rivers.- Water resources
information system and provide timely and
accurate information for the water resources
users. - Effective operation of water resources
inspection.
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Achievements
- Legal documents on water resources management-
Development of National water profile-
International cooperating on water resources with
many other countries and international
organizations such as China, Norway,
Australia,... ADB, World Bank,... Participating
on Mekong river Commission Development of water
quality rules on Mekong river- Participation of
people on water resources protection- Scientific
and technological research has been conducted in
the field of water resources - Development of
water resources monitoring network- Investment
on water resources management such as
improvement of water quality in some main rivers
application of technology on production.....
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Achievements (cont)
Water development works such as
Reservoir Catchments (km2) Volume (bill.m3) Irrigated Area (ha) Hydropower (MW)
Hoa Binh 51,700 9,450 1,920
Thac Ba 6,100 2,940 108
Tri An 14,600 2,760 4200
Dau Tieng 2,700 1,580 72,000
Thac Mo 2,200 1,370 150
Yaly 7,455 1,037 720
Phu Ninh 235 414 23,000
Song Hinh 772 357 66
Ke Go 223 345 17,000
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Priority order action plans (according to
National strategy on water resources to 2020)
1. Program of national water resources inventory,
assessment and development of water resources
database, information system.2. Program of water
resources sharing (priority for domestic water)
and ensuring of power generation for the
important hydropower works in drought case 3.
Program of water resources allocation and
regulation for ensuring security of water
resources for water scarcity provinces 4.
Program of plants structure conversion for
utilizing effectively water resources5. Program
of development of inter-reservoirs regulations in
these important river basins6. Program of ground
water protection in the major cities
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Priority order action plans (according to
National strategy on water resources to 2020)
7. Program of implementation of water service
socialization, development of the multi-sectors
water economic for matching the market economic
and socialist orientation8. Program of
protection of the valuable aquatic species9.
Program of definition and ensuring of
environmental flow, maintaining aquatic
ecosystems for reservoirs, water resources, water
works. 10. Program of protective forests
reservation and recovery in these river basin of
the major reservoirs11. Program of development
of hydropower reservoirs management mechanism for
developing the economic, tourism, environment
protection and for improving people life around
reservoir entrails
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Priority order action plans (according to
National strategy on water resources to 2020)
12. Program of bilateral cooperation with these
neighbor countries in water survey water
resources information and data sharing
trans-boundary water protection, utilization and
exploitation 13. Program of dykes-ocean,
dykes-estuary systems consolidation, upgrading
and modernization.14. Project of water resources
law reform15. Program of economic instruments on
water resources management16. Program of water
resources education, communication and
awareness17. Program of compilation of water
resources education, training for school 18.
Program of the whole people in participating
water resources protection