The Nation Divided

1
The Nation Divided

• Chapter 10

2
The Wilmot Proviso

• The Missouri Compromise did not apply to the
  Mexican Cession
• The Wilmot Proviso sought to ban slavery from the
  territories acquired from Mexico
• Southerners viewed the bill as an attack on
  slavery

3
The Debate Over California

• Californias admission to the union led to bitter
  arguments between North and South
• Sen. Henry Clay proposed a compromise that could
  end the North/South conflict
• Sen. John Calhoun opposed the compromise the
  North would continue to attack the Souths way of
  life wanted Constitutional protection or
  secession!
• Sen. Daniel Webster supported Clay in order to
  stop the sectionalism dividing the nation

4
The Compromise of 1850

• Authored by Henry Clay
• California admitted as a free state (N)
• Banned the slave trade in Washington D.C. (N)
• Popular Sovereignty would decide the slavery
  issue in the Mexican Cession (S)
• A stricter fugitive slave law was passed. (S)
• Northerners reacted to the compromise by
  resisting the slave law and helping slaves
  escape.

5
Uncle Toms Cabin

• Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, who was
  inspired by her hatred of the new fugitive slave
  laws
• Exposed Northerners to the evils of slavery
• Criticized by Southerners as false propaganda

6
The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

• Written by Senator Stephen Douglas
• Organized the Louisiana Territory into the Kansas
  and Nebraska Territories
• Opened the territories to slavery through popular
  sovereignty
• Violated the Missouri Compromise, angering many
  Northerners

7
Bleeding Kansas

• Pro-slavery and anti-slavery supporters rushed to
  Kansas to impose their government violence soon
  broke out
• Pro-slavery supporters burn the town of Lawrence,
  KS
• Anti-slavery forces led by John Brown retaliate
  in the Pottawatomie Massacre

8
The Caning of Sen. Charles Sumner
9
The Dred Scott Decision (1857)

• Scott sued for his freedom because he had lived
  in the NW Territory where was banned
• Chief Justice Roger B. Taney ruled that Scott had
  no right to sue
• He also wrote that the Missouri Compromise was
  unconstitutional (legalized slavery in the
  territories)

10
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)

• Abraham Lincoln ran against Stephen Douglas for
  Senator
• Douglas strongly defended the idea of popular
  sovereignty called Lincoln a dangerous
  abolitionist
• Lincoln took a strong stand against the spread of
  slavery
• Douglas won by a slim margin

11
Raid on Harpers Ferry, Va. (1859)

• John Brown and other abolitionists hoped to seize
  guns and lead a slave rebellion
• U.S. troops led by Robert E. Lee capture Brown
  the North mourns as he is hanged
• Southerners fear there are more like Brown and
  that the North wants to destroy their way of
  life- Militias begin to form

12
The Election of 1860

• The Democratic party split, and Republican
  Abraham Lincoln won with only 39.8 of the
  popular vote
• Lincoln did not win one Southern state showed
  how divided the nation had become
• The South felt they had no voice in government
  S. Carolina secedes in Dec. 1860

13
Lincoln Takes Office (1861)

• In his inaugural address, Lincoln promises to not
  touch slavery in the South
• The newly formed Confederate States of America
  began to seize federal property in the South
• When Lincoln attempted to re-supply Ft. Sumter,
  Confederates attacked and seized the fort