15th Century Art in Northern Europe

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15th Century Art in Northern Europe
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New Developments

• Tempera paint a paint made of dry pigments, or
  colors, which are mixed with a binding material.
• Gesso a mixture of glue and a white pigment
  such as plaster, chalk, or white clay.
• Oil paints consist of a mixture of dry pigments
  with oils, turpentine, and sometimes varnish.

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Robert Campin

• 1378-1444
• Flemish artist.
• Attention to detail
• Realistically rendered with symbolic meaning.
• Contemporary setting.

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The Mérode Altarpiece

• Three panels showing from left to right.
• The donors of the work kneeling in a garden.
• Mary receiving the news that she is to be the
  mother of Christ from the angel Gabriel.
• Joseph working in his carpentry shop.

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Merode Altarpiece, Robert Campin
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Jan Van Eyck

• 1390-1414
• Usually given credit for developing the new
  painting style.
• Flanders the art center of northern Europe.

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Arnolfini Wedding

• Giovanni Arnolfini
• His bride
• Rich Italian merchant who lived in Flanders.
• Symbolism in Flemish Art.

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Adoration of the Lamb

• Central lower panel of a large altarpiece
  containing 12 panels.
• LambChrist
• Blood flows from the lamb into a chalice.
• Fountain of pure water of eternal life.

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Adoration of the Lamb, Jan Van Eyck.
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Van Eyck

• Controls the flow of light.
• Atmospheric perspective.
• Light is crystal clear.

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Realism and Emotionalism

• Triptych a painting on three hinged panels that
  can be folded together.

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Rogier Van Der Weyden

• 1399-1464
• No deep space.
• Placed 10 figures in a narrow stage.
• Eliminates a landscape.
• Focus on the drama.

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Emotionalism

• Equal attention to emotions.
• Different facial expressions and gestures.

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Portrait of a Lady

• Rogier Van Der Weyden was a popular portrait
  artist.
• Face framed by white starched headdress.
• Dark background.
• Pleasant facial expression.

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Hugo Van Der Goes

• 1440-1482
• He combined the emotionalism of van der Weyden
  with the realistic detail of Jan van Eyck.
• His own contribution altered nature and the
  proportions of people or objects when it added to
  the emotion.

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Symbolism

• Tipped the floor of the stable upward.
• Joseph and Mary seem withdrawn.
• wheatcommunion bread.
• Columbinesorrows of Mary.
• Shoesholy ground.
• Donkey eatingunfaithful people.
• Ox looking onfaithful people.

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Expression

• Shepherds
• Low class, peasants.
• Blind faith rather than knowledge and
  understanding.
• Facial expressions and actions.

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