The%20Second%20World%20War

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The Second World War and the Cold War
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Pre-war attitudes
(see Drift towards World War II handout)
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Isolationism
Neutrality Act (1935)
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Gradual shift toward involvement
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Cash and Carry
Destroyer Deal
Lend-Lease Act (repealed Neutrality Act)
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Relations with Japan
Japanese fears concerning resources, etc.
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Pearl Harbor
U.S. Enters War
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The Home Front
Some important wartime agencies
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War Production Board
Organized and coordinated industries to make
quick, efficient transition to production of war
materials.
No consumer autos were built during war.
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Office of War Information
Responsible for maintaining morale positive
propaganda
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Office of Price Administration
Set prices, rationed goods, fought inflation and
black market assured military needs were met
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War Labor Board
Settled disputes between business and labor
Avoided strikes and maintained morale
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Fair Employment Practices Committee
Prevented employer discrimination against workers
Foundation for the civil rights movement of the
1950s
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Conduct of war
Two front war for the U.S.
Europe first
(See War Strategy H/O)
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World War II Allies
Included Great Britain, Free France, the USSR,
and nationalist China.
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Conferences
Casablanca, Cairo, Teheran Planned war strategy
Yalta (1945) planned post-war strategies
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Postwar Period
Service mens readjustment act of 1944 (GI Bill)
The United Nations
Post-War
Organization favored big winners
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The Cold War
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The Truman Doctrine
Pledged aid to Greece and Turkey
Containment policy
Intended to keep communism within its original
borders
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Marshall Plan
Offered recovery assistance to all European
countries
Communist countries declined
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Berlin Blockade
Soviets block land access U.S. responds by air
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NATO
Designed to block or contain Communists,
especially Soviet, expansion
Ignored George Washingtons advice against
permanent alliances
Cold War
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Communist victory in China
Nationalists flee to Taiwan
Government there recognized as China by the
United States and the U.N. until Nixon
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Korean War
Communist North Korea attacks South Korea, the
U.N. responds
Armistice terms restore status quo
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SEATO
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization is the Pacific
equivalent to NATO
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France, Dien Bien Phu, and our involvement in
Vietnam
Antiwar demonstrations and Jane Fonda
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Hungarian Revolt
Soviets crush Hungarian revolution
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Aswan Dam
Soviets assist Egypt in building the dam
U.S. and Britain offered first but withdrew the
offer
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Suez Canal seizure
Egypt takes control, France, Britain and Israel
invade, U.S. and Soviets stop them
Superpower diplomacy at work
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Eisenhower Doctrine
Offers aid to Middle Eastern countries who feel
threatened by communism
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U-2 incident
U.S. spy plane shot down over Soviet territory
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Independence of African nations
Civil Wars break out all over
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Cuban Revolution
Castro takes over, announces communist regime,
relations with the U.S. deteriorate
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Bay of Pigs
Cuban refugees, backed by the United States fail
to overthrow Castro
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Berlin Wall
Soviets seal off East Berlin with physical Wall
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Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviets attempt to place missiles in Cuba. The
U.S. blockades
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The Hotline
Direct link between U.S. and USSR intended to
divert nuclear disaster
First used during six day war
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Nuclear test ban treaty
Allowed only underground testing
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Outer Space treaty
Banned the military bases weapons and weapons
tests in outer space
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Nuclear nonproliferation treaty
Banned the spread of nuclear weapons among
signatory nations
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1969. Nixons visit to China
Communist China had already become the U.N.
member, now President Nixons visit opened new
friendly relations with this huge nation
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Detente
1972-President Nixon visited Moscow and signed
several agreements including the anti-ballistic
missile treaty
The Cold War eased
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The Reagan Revolution
The West wins the Cold War
The Gorbachev influence
The I.N.F. Treaty
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1980 Election
Issues
Debates
Hostage crisis
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Reagan and Communism
Evil Empire Nicaragua Latin America Granada
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1988 Election
Candidates and issues
Bush policies
Desert Storm and Middle East policy
economics
civil rights
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William Jefferson Clinton
All of this review to present will be done in the
classroom