Post%20World%20War%20I%20Issues

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Post World War I Issues

• Returning World War Veterans took jobs away from
  women and minorities
• Economic Issues- Farmers and factories wartime
  orders diminished
• High unemployment
• More immigrants from Europe coming to the U.S.
• Nativism prejudice against foreign born people
  grows
• US Isolationism not getting involved in world
  affairs

2
Post War Issues-Red Scare (1919-1920)

• Communism- People/Workers will own all ways of
  making money (Land, machines, Stores)No private
  (For Profit ) business
• Russian Communist Revolution causes concern
• Labor union violence cause concern
• people questioning the unfair capitalistic system
  in the United States
• Communist party formed in the United States-
• 34 mail bombs sent to government leaders and
  factory owners
• US Attorney General Mitchell Palmer took action
  to combat the Red Scare
• Appoints J Edgar Hoover as a special assistant
• Palmer Raids- arrest suspected radicals-contribute
  to red scare-
• trample over civil rights arrest 5,000 people in
  3 months
• deport several aliens
• Arrest Many union officials

3
Sacco And Vanzetti case

• Sacco And Vanzetti case-
• Murder Robbery in Mass.
• arrested and tried and found guilty with little
  evidence
• put to death
• demonstrates Red Hysteria,
• people begin to think twice

4
Race Riots After the War

• Returning black soldiers treated better
• at war than at home
• People try to restore old racial balance
• Families burned out of homes, stones thrown while
  swimming, false crimes
• Riots break out and unprotected black form mobs
  for protection
• Riots in the north and south
• Ku Klux Klan reforms to keeps black in their
  place, oppose unions, drive out Catholics and
  Jews and foreigners out of country
• Carried out beating, torture even murder
• 4.5 million members by 1924
• Emergency quota act 1921- Quota System
  established- Maximum number of people who could
  enter the United States from each foreign country
• updated 1924 and 1927- only 115,000 per year and
  no Japanese immigration

5
The Business of America-Roaring Twenties

• By 1920-1929, American had 40 of the worlds
  wealth
• the chief business of the American people is
  business President Calvin Coolidge
• Goal was to keep government interference in
  business to a minimum and allow private
  enterprises to flourish
• High tariffs, new technology, and higher
  productivity
• Fords Model T- Every person could afford one
• Automobile leads to
• paved roads,
• Farming families could go
• shopping in city
• transport crops to cities
• suburbs begin to grow
•  
• now people begin to vacation

6
Creation of a Common Culture-Roaring Twenties

• 1921 first commercial radio broadcasting station
  opened,
• by 1930 40 of all homes had radios
• Most towns had movie theaters
• Sports stars, movie stars
• Charles Lindberg- 1927 won a 25,000 prize for
  first flight from New York to Paris

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• Amelia Earhart
• Present air travel as modern and safe way to
  travel and transport goods
• 1927 Pan American Airways- first transatlantic
  passenger flights
• New electrical inventions like refrigeration,
  irons and toasters made life easier

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Roaring Twenties

•  Factories produce larger quantities of goods at
  lower prices so more people could own them
• Allowed to buy goods on credit (installment plan)
  buy now and pay over a long period of time
• Banks offer low interest rates
• Easy Credit

9
Social Movements-Prohibition experiment

• 1917 18th Amendment- prohibit the manufacturing,
  sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages
• Reformers saw alcohol as the prime cause of
  crime, child and wife abuse, accidents on the job
  and other social problems
• Support came mainly from south and west Christian
  protestants (fear people having fun)
• It worked- Reduction of public drunkenness and
  number of deaths from alcoholism

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• Many American ignore the amendment and it grew
  less popular
• Government does not budget money for enforcement
• Drinkers went to night clubs known as
  speakeasies- speak quietly
• Bought liquor from bootleggers- smuggled alcohol
  in from their boot legs
• Contributes to organized crime by people like AL
  Capone of Chicago
• 18th Amendment remained until 1933 when 21st
  Amendment repealed it

11
Social Movements-American Fundamentalism

• Fundamentalism- literal interpretation of the
  Bible
• Skeptical of scientific discoveries (all answers
  can be found in the Bible)
• Reject the theory of evolution seek laws
  forbidding the teaching of evolution

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The Scopes Monkey Trial

• 1925 Tennessee passed law forbidding the teaching
  of evolution
• American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) promised to
  defend any teacher who taught evolution
• John T. Scopes young biology teacher- arrested
• Clarence Darrow famous lawyer defended Scopes vs
  William Jennings Bryan- 3 time presidential
  candidate
• Trial broadcast over the radio
• Darrow questioned Bryan as an expert on Bible,
  believe earth created in 6 days? Proves Bible is
  a book of interpretation
• Scopes found guilty and fined 100 later case was
  thrown out on a technicality

13
1920s and women

• The new image of women emerges
• 1920 19th Amendment- women could vote
• Flapper- embraced new fashions and urban
  attitudes of the day
• More of the image of the of rebellious youth than
  reality (Jersey Shore)
• Few women began to wear dresses cut 1 inch above
  knees, skin toned stockings, short hair, smoked,
  drank in public,
•  

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• In past you dated person you interested in
  marrying,
• 1920s dating accepted
• Equal status in a relationship however house work
  and child rearing remained womans job
• New work opportunities in offices and other
  professions
• Marriage becoming based more on love
• Children going to schools
• Women began to have more free time for education
  or work

15
Harlem Renaissance

• 1910-1920 Great Migration North when hundreds of
  thousands of African American moved north for
  jobs
• 1909 W.E.B. DuBois founds the National
  Association for the Advancement of Colored People
  created (NAACP)
• Protest racial violence

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• Harlem Renaissance- Movement of writing, music
  and art that celebrated African American Culture
• Led by well educated middle class African
  American
• Langston Hughes- Poet, Paul Robeson- Actor, Louis
  Armstrong- Jazz musician, Duke Ellington- Jazz
  pianist, Bessie Smith- Blues singer
• Represents the great cultural changes sweeping
  the country of changing values and personal
  freedom